pper ones with smaller leaves fascicled
in the axils (5-20 dm. high) =Goldenrod, Solidago speciosa.=

149b. Leaves mostly serrate, at least the basal ones --150.

150a. Heads on pedicels 5-15 mm. long; achenes pubescent; stems
usually clustered (1-5 dm. high, or prostrate) --151.

150b. Heads on pedicels not over 5 mm. long; achenes smooth or
nearly so; stems usually single (6-12 dm. high) --152.

151a. Basal leaves 7-12 cm. long =Goldenrod, Solidago racemosa.=

151b. Basal leaves 15-30 cm. long
=Goldenrod, Solidago racemosa var. gillmani.=

152a. Leaves pinnately veined =Goldenrod, Solidago uliginosa.=

152b. Leaves 3-5-ribbed =Goldenrod, Solidago neglecta.=

153a. Both sides of the leaf pubescent or rough --154.

153b. Leaf not pubescent or rough on both sides --155.

154a. Stem closely pubescent (2-8 dm. high)
=Goldenrod, Solidago nemoralis.=

154b. Stem glabrous (5-12 dm. high)
=Goldenrod, Solidago juncea var. scabrella.=

155a. Leaves rough above, smooth below (6-15 dm. high)
=Goldenrod, Solidago patula.=

155b. Leaves smooth on both sides (5-12 dm. high) --156.

156a. Branches of the panicle spreading or recurved
=Goldenrod, Solidago juncea.=

156b. Branches of the panicle upright
=Goldenrod, Solidago juncea var. ramosa.=

157a. Stem more or less pubescent or hairy throughout (5-20 dm. high)
--158.

157b. Stem smooth, at least below the inflorescence --161.

158a. Involucre 2-2.7 mm. long =Goldenrod, Solidago canadensis.=

158b. Involucre 3-5 mm. long --159.

159a. Leaves pinnately veined, scabrous above
=Goldenrod, Solidago rugosa.=

159b. Leaves 3-5-ribbed, pubescent but not scabrous above --160.

160a. Stem and lower side of leaves covered with short hairs;
common species =Goldenrod, Solidago altissima.=

160b. Stem and lower side of leaves with distinct, loose, soft
hairs (shore of Lake Superior)
=Goldenrod, Solidago altissima var. procera.=

161a. Involucre 2-2.7 mm. long (5-20 dm. high) --158a.

161b. Involucre 3-6 mm. long --162.

162a.