Large numbers of people with neither
musicianship nor musical instincts acquired a smattering of anatomy and
a few mechanical rules and advertised themselves as teachers of
scientific voice production. The great body of vocal students, anxious
to learn to sing in the shortest possible time, having no way of telling
the genuine from the spurious except by trying it, fell an easy prey,
and the amount of vocal damage and disaster visited upon singers in the
name of science is beyond calculation.

Fortunately the reaction has begun. Slowly but surely we are returning
to a saner condition of mind. Every year adds to the number of those who
recognize singing as an art, whose vision is clear enough to see that
the work of the scientific investigator should be confined to the
laboratory and that it has no place in the studio. We are beginning to
see that the basic principle of singing is _freedom in the expression of
the beautiful_, and that the less there is of the mechanical in the
process the better.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Italian School of Florid Song. Pier Franceso Tosi. London, 1743.

Practical Reflections on the Figurative Art of Singing. Mancini
(1716-1800) English Edition. Boston, 1912.

The Psychology of Singing. David Taylor. New York, 1908.

The Philosophy of Singing. Clara Kathleen Rogers. New York, 1898.

My Voice and I. Clara Kathleen Rogers. Chicago, 1910.

The Rightly Produced Voice. Davidson Palmer. London, 1897.

Expression in Singing. H. S. Kirkland. Boston, 1916.

The Art of the Singer. W. J. Henderson. New York, 1906.

English Diction for Singers and Speakers. Louis Arthur Russell. Boston,
1905.

Resonance in Speaking and Singing. Thomas Fillebrown. Boston, 1911.

Hints of Singing. Garcia. London, 1894.

The Singing of the Future. D. Ffrangcon-Davies. London, 1908.

Voice, Song, and Speech. Brown and Behnke. London, 1884.

Voice Building and Tone Placing. H. Holbrook Curtis, M. D. New York,
1896.

Vocal Physiology. Alex. Guilmette, M. D. Boston, 1878.

The Philosophy of Art. Edward Howard Griggs. New York, 1913.

Ancient Art and Ritual. Jane Ellen Harrison. New York, 1913.

The Musical Amateur. Robert Schauffler. New York, 1913.

Art for Art's Sake. John C. Van Dyke. New York, 1914.

What is Art. Count Leo Tolstoi. New York.

The Life of Reason. George Santayana. New York, 1913.

The Creative Imagination. Ribot. Chicago, 1906.

Esthetics. Kate Gordon. New York, 1913.