tary service involves
outlawry and exile.

(n) Bravery in battle to bring about increase in rank (cf. the old
English "Ranks of Men").

(o) No suit to lie on promise and pledge; fine of a gold lb. for asking
pledge.

(p) Wager of battle is to be the universal mode of proof.

(q) If an alien kill a Dane two aliens must suffer. (This is practically
the same principle as appears in the half weregild of the Welsh in West
Saxon Law.)

B. An illustration of the more capricious of the old enactments and the
jealousy of antique kings.

(a) Loss of gifts sent to the king involves the official responsible; he
shall be hanged. (This is introduced as illustration of the cleverness
of Eric and the folly of Coll.)

C. Saxo associates another set of enactments with the completion of a
successful campaign of conquest over the Ruthenians, and shows Frode
chiefly as a wise and civilising statesman, making conquest mean
progress.

(a) Every free householder that fell in war was to be set in his barrow
with horse and arms (cf. "Vatzdaela Saga", ch. 2).

The body-snatcher was to be punished by death and the lack of sepulture.

Earl or king to be burned in his own ship.

Ten sailors may be burnt on one ship.

(b) Ruthenians to have the same law of war as Danes.

(c) Ruthenians must adopt Danish sale-marriage. (This involves
the abolition of the Baltic custom of capture-marriage. That
capture-marriage was a bar to social progress appears in the legislation
of Richard II, directed against the custom as carried out on the borders
of the Palatine county of Chester, while cases such as the famous one of
Rob Roy's sons speak to its late continuance in Scotland. In Ireland it
survived in a stray instance or two into this century, and songs like
"William Riley" attest the sympathy of the peasant with the eloping
couple.)

(d) A veteran, one of the Doughty, must be such a man as will attack one
foe, will stand two, face three without withdrawing more than a little,
and be content to retire only before four. (One of the traditional
folk-sayings respecting the picked men, the Doughty or Old Guard, as
distinguished from the Youth or Young Guard, the new-comers in the
king's Company of House-carles. In Harald Hardrede's Life the Norwegians
dread those English house-carles, "each of whom is a match for four,"
who formed the famous guard that won Stamford Bridge and fell about
their lord, a sadly shrunken band, at Senlake.)

(f) The ho