ly after the Crusades. It is related
that the Council of Constance attracted fifteen hundred prostitutes to
this town. Prostitutes followed the armies everywhere.

In India, young girls give themselves to the priests, who are the
representatives of God and enjoy great honors. Under the name of
Temple girls, the girls of the flower boats of China are really
prostitutes. It is the same with the puzes of Java, the girls in the
Japanese tea-houses, etc. In some civilized states, certain refined
and intelligent prostitutes have always obtained great honors and high
favors, only charging high prices, and ending by substituting for
prostitution the pecuniary exploitation of rich men whom they have
seduced.

Concubinage may be more or less free. The concubines were formerly
often slaves, possessed by men in high positions, in addition to their
wives. At the present day the omnipotence of money produces almost
analogous results. Free concubinage, in which sexual intercourse
between the two contracting parties is absolutely free and more or
less independent of pecuniary questions, is very different and of a
higher moral character. It has also existed in antiquity in various
forms. The Greek hetairas were concubines of high position, no doubt
prostitutes of a kind and giving themselves for money; but they became
the friends or companions of great men. Living in luxury, especially
at the time of Pericles and later, several of them became celebrated;
statues were raised to them and they became the concubines of kings.
Phryne served as the model for the statue of Venus, and offered to
restore the halls of the Thebeans at her own expense. Thais was the
mistress of Alexander and gave heirs to the throne. The neglected
education of the Greek wives caused the intellectual accomplishments
of the hetairas to shine by contrast.

The whole question regarding the Greek customs is summed up in a few
words by Demosthenes: "We marry wives in order to have legitimate
children and a faithful guardian for our household; we have concubines
for our daily service, and hetairas for the enjoyment of love."

In some countries, such as Japan, the children of concubines are
considered by the husbands as legitimate, and have the same rights as
those of his wife; this gives concubinage the character of marriage of
the second rank.

In modern times hetairas are not wanting. Under the title of
courtesans and mistresses, we find them everywhere as the fav