rth act made provision for quartering troops in Boston.

The bills went through Parliament without much opposition. Says
Trevelyan, "Even after the lapse of a century and a quarter the debates
are not pleasant reading for an Englishman."[34] It was assumed that
the punishment was just, and that not only Boston but also the whole
continent would take it meekly. A few voices were raised in protest, but
as a rule even the Opposition was silent. One by one the bills became
law. One more step was taken toward separation.

FOOTNOTES:

[28] Trevelyan, "American Revolution," Part I, 104.

[29] "A Card from the Inhabitants of Philadelphia," Bancroft, vi, 366.

[30] "Memorial History of Boston," iii, 45.

[31] Bancroft, vi, 461, 462.

[32] Bancroft, vi, 498.

[33] Avery, "History of the United States," v, 190.

[34] "American Revolution," Part I, 181.

CHAPTER V

THE OCCUPATION OF BOSTON

Early in May of 1774 Hutchinson, ostensibly called to England to advise
the king, gave up his offices in Massachusetts. His exile was
approaching. Never again was he to see the fair hill of Milton, nor to
look from its top upon the town and harbor that he loved. The Whigs
exulted over the fall of "the damn'd arch traitor;" yet surely, though
as an official he failed in his task, and as a patriot misread the
temper and the capacity of his countrymen, he commands our pity. Amid
the booming of the cannon which welcomed his successor he prepared for
his departure. Except for his pathetic letters and journals he made no
further mark upon his times or ours. His Milton estate remains, but his
house is gone, and the very street that he lived on bears the name of
Adams, his most persistent enemy.

Hutchinson's successor was Thomas Gage, the first governor sent to
Boston with an army at his back. He was well known in the colonies, for
he had fought well at Braddock's defeat, had married an American wife,
and was courteous and affable. It remained to be seen whether one of his
hesitating temperament could meet the situation. With four regiments he
had undertaken to pacify Massachusetts. He had his four regiments and
more, yet he must occasionally have wondered why he found no more signs
of weakness in the ranks of his opponents.

At this time there were in Boston four chief classes of Whigs. The first
were the ministers, and these for many years had been American to the
core. As the first settlers of Massachusetts, whether Puritan