ll shot in some of the Southern
States as game birds.

_The Audubon Law._--Little was done in the way of securing laws for the
benefit of song and insectivorous birds and birds of plumage until
1886, when the bird-protection committee of the American
Ornithologists' Union drafted a bill for this specific purpose. This
bill, besides extending protection to all useful {170} non-game birds,
gave the first clear statutory terminology for defining "game birds."
It also provided for the issuing of permits for the collecting of wild
birds and their eggs for scientific purposes. The States of New York
and Massachusetts that year adopted the law. Arkansas followed eleven
years later, but it was not until the Audubon Society workers took up
the subject in 1909 that any special headway was made in getting States
to pass this measure. To-day it is on the statute books of all the
States of the Union but eight, and is generally known as the Audubon
Law.

_Game Law Enforcement._--In all the States but Florida there are
special State officers charged with enforcing the bird and game
protective laws. Usually there is a Game Commission of three or more
members whose duty it is to select an executive officer who in turn
appoints game wardens throughout the State. These men in some cases
are paid salaries, in others they receive only a _per diem_ wage or
receive certain fees for convictions. License {171} fees are usually
required of hunters, and the moneys thus collected form the basis of a
fund used for paying the wardens and meeting the other expenses
incident to the game law enforcement.

_The Lacey Law._--The Federal Government is taking a share of the
responsibility in preserving the wild life of the Union.

On July 2, 1897, Congressman Lacey introduced in the House a bill to
prohibit the export of big game from some of the Western States. In
1909 amendments were made to the Lacey Law, one of which prohibited the
shipment of birds or parts thereof from a State in which they had been
illegally killed, or from which it was illegal to ship them. The
enforcement of this by Federal officers has been most efficacious in
breaking up a great system of smuggling Quails, Grouse, Ducks, and
other game birds.

_Federal Migratory Bird Law._--Probably the most important game law as
yet enacted in the United States is the one known as the Federal
Migratory Game Law or the McLean Law. A somewhat {172} extended
discussion of this imp