in America, fitted out a
fleet of one hundred fifty sail, under Admiral Boscawen, with a land
force of some fourteen thousand men, under General Amherst and
Brigadier-General James Wolfe, and despatched both to Canada.

The first operation was the siege of Louisburg, which surrendered
with about five thousand prisoners, and in the capture of which
young Wolfe greatly distinguished himself. Later in the year the
French were compelled to abandon Fort Duquesne, in the Ohio Valley,
which the English now named Pittsburg, in honor of War Minister
Pitt; and Frontenac (Kingston), the marine arsenal of the French at
the foot of Lake Ontario, surrendered and was destroyed. The effect
of these losses was disheartening to the French, though before the
season's campaign closed Montcalm defeated the English, under
General Abercrombie, in an attack on the French post on Lake
Champlain, afterward named Ticonderoga. When the year 1759 opened,
the English were ready to resume operations with spirit and effect.
Amherst's army advanced upon Crown Point and Ticonderoga, from which
the French retired, and Sir William Johnson captured Niagara and
drove the French from the Lakes. Wolfe, now general of the forces of
the St. Lawrence, sailed in June with his army from Louisburg to
Quebec. The story of this eventful expedition and its result here
given is by the able pen of the historian A.G. Bradley.

When the flag of Britain supplanted the emblem of France on the
ramparts of Quebec the city was held by an English garrison under
General Murray, and in the spring of 1760 it narrowly escaped
recapture by De Levis, at the head of seven thousand men, who had
come from Montreal to attack it. The timely arrival of a British
fleet saved the now British stronghold, while Montreal was in turn
invested, and that post and all Canada surrendered to the British
Crown. Three years later the Peace of Paris confirmed the cession of
the country to Britain, and closed the dominion of France in Canada.

England rang with the triumphs of her ally, Frederick of Prussia, and,
by a perversion peculiarly British, the scoffing freethinker became the
"Protestant hero" in both church and taproom. Pitt was omnipotent in
Parliament; only a single insignificant member ever ventured to oppose
him. "Our unanimity is prodigious," wrote Walpole. "You would