.
Exceptions specially provided for in the present Constitution or in
other laws shall be in accordance with the respective provisions
bearing thereon.

Article XI. The Emperor has the supreme command of the army and navy.

Article XII. The Emperor determines the organisation and peace
standing of the army and navy.

Article XIII. The Emperor declares war, makes peace, and concludes
treaties.

Article XIV. The Emperor proclaims the law of siege. The conditions
and operation of the law of siege shall be determined by law.

Article XV. The Emperor confers titles of nobility, rank, orders, and
other marks of honour.

Article XVI. The Emperor orders amnesty, pardon, commutation of
punishments, and rehabilitation.

Article XVII. The institution of a Regency shall take place in
conformity with the provisions of the Imperial House Law.*

The Regent shall exercise the supreme powers which belong to the
Emperor in his name.

*Law of succession, coronation, ascension, majority, style of
address, regency, imperial governor, imperial family, hereditary
estates, imperial expenditures, etc., of Feb. 11, 1889.

CHAPTER II. RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF SUBJECTS

Article XVIII. The conditions necessary for being a Japanese subject
shall be determined by law.

Article XIX. Japanese subjects shall all equally be eligible for
civil and military appointments, and any other public offices,
subject only to the conditions prescribed and Laws and Ordinances.

Article XX. Japanese subjects are amenable to service in the army or
navy, according to the provisions of law.

Article XXI. Japanese subjects are amenable to the duty of paying
taxes, according to the provisions of law.

Article XXII. Subject to the limitations imposed by law, Japanese
subjects shall enjoy full liberty in regard to residence and change
of abode.

Article XXIII. No Japanese subject shall be arrested, detained, tried
or punished, except according to law.

Article XXIV. No Japanese subject shall be deprived of his right of
being tried by judges determined by law.

Article XXV. Except in the cases provided for in the law, the house
of no Japanese subject shall be entered or searched without his
permission.

Article XXVI. Except in cases provided for in the law, the secrecy of
the letters of Japanese subjects shall not be violated.

Article XXVII. The rights of property of Japanese subjects shall not
be violated. Such measures, however, as may be rendered