e of the cutting press
used for backing, usually ungrammatically called "laying press."

_Marbling_, colouring the edges and end papers in various patterns,
obtained by floating colours on a gum solution.

_Millboard machine_, machine used for squaring boards; should only be
used for cheap work, as an edge cut by it will not be as square as if
cut by the plough.

_Mitring_, (1) lines meeting at a right angle without overrunning are
said to be mitred. (2) A join at 45 deg. as in the leather on the inside
of the boards.

_Overcasting_, over-sewing the back edges of single leaves or weak
sections.

_Peel_, a thin board on a handle used for hanging up sheets for
drying.

_Plate_, an illustration printed from a plate. Term often incorrectly
applied to illustrations printed from woodcuts. Any full-page
illustration printed on different paper to the book is usually called
a "plate."

_Pressing plates_, plates of metal japanned or nickelled, used for
giving finish to the leather on a book.

_Press pin_, an iron bar used for turning the screws of presses.

_Proof_, edges left uncut as "proof" that the book has not been unduly
cut down.

_Register_, (i.) when the print on one side of a leaf falls exactly
over that on the other it is said to register. (ii.) Ribbon placed in
a book as a marker.

_Rolling machine_, a machine in which the sheets of a book are subject
to heavy pressure by being passed between rollers.

_Sawing in_, when grooves are made in the back with a saw to receive
the bands.

_Section_, the folded sheet.

_Semee_ or _Semis_, an heraldic term signifying sprinkled.

_Set off_, print is said to "set off" when part of the ink from a page
comes off on an opposite page. This will happen if a book is pressed
too soon after printing.

_Sheet_, the full size of the paper as printed, forming a section when
folded.

_Signature_, the letter or figure placed on the first page of each
sheet.

_Slips_, the ends of the sewing cord or tape that are attached to the
boards.

_Squares_, the portion of the boards projecting beyond the edges of
the book.

_Start_, when, after cutting, one or more sections of the book come
forward, making the fore edge irregular, they are said to have
started.

_Straight edge_, a flat ruler.

_Tacky_, sticky.

_T. E. G._, top-edge gilt.

_Trimmed._ The edges of a book are said to be trimmed when the edges
of the larger (or projecting) leaves only have been cut.