speech.

"In what I had to say there, my purpose was to educate the people to
understand something about the social system in which we live, and to
prepare them to change this system by perfectly peaceable and orderly
means into what I, as a Socialist, conceive to be a real democracy.

"From what you heard in the address of counsel for the prosecution, you
might naturally infer that I am an advocate of force and violence. It
is not true. I have never advocated violence in any form. I always
believed in education, in intelligence, in enlightenment, and I have
always made my appeal to the reason and to the conscience of the people.

"I admit being opposed to the present form of government. I admit being
opposed to the present social system. I am doing what little I can, and
have been for many years, to bring about a change that shall do away
with the rule of the great body of the people by a relatively small
class and establish in this country an industrial social democracy.

"In the course of the speech that resulted in this indictment, I am
charged with having expressed sympathy for Kate Richards O'Hare, for
Rose Pastor Stokes, for Ruthenberg, Wagenknecht and Baker. I did express
my perfect sympathy with these comrades of mine. I have known them for
many years. I have every reason to believe in their integrity, every
reason to look upon them with respect, with confidence, and with
approval.

"I have been accused of expressing sympathy for the Bolsheviki of
Russia. I plead guilty to the charge. I have read a great deal about the
Bolsheviki of Russia that is not true. I happen to know of my own
knowledge that they have been grossly misrepresented by the press of
this country. Who are these much-maligned revolutionists of Russia? For
years they had been the victims of a brutal Czar. They and their
antecedents were sent to Siberia, lashed with a knout, if they even
dreamed of freedom. At last the hour struck for a great change. The
revolution came. The Czar was overthrown and his infamous regime ended.
What followed? The common people of Russia came into power, the
peasants, the toilers, the soldiers, and they proceeded as best they
could to establish a government of the people.

"It may be that the much-despised Bolsheviki may fail at last, but let
me say to you that they have written a chapter of glorious history. It
will stand to their eternal credit. Their leaders are now denounced as
criminals and outlaws. Let me