th the shoulders, when the feet will slowly sink and
the pupil can easily regain a standing position.

[Illustration: FIGURE 16]

When the arm and leg movements are to be done together, the pupil has to
concentrate his mind on the four movements. To start, one must have the
legs straight behind, keeping them motionless till the pupil gets to
fourth movement of the arm stroke, when the arms and legs should be the
same as in Fig. 14. On the first and the second movements, which form a
continuous movement for the legs, shoot the arms straight out and hold
them there until the straightened out legs come together, as in Fig.
15. Then the legs should be kept rigid, while the hands are turned and
the arms brought around in a straight line with the shoulders, as in
Fig. 16. Finish the stroke by drawing the legs up and the hands in to
the starting position, as in Fig. 14. These combined movements will be
difficult at first, as the movements do not go together, as in the back
stroke.

When the rhythm begins to assert itself, the best way to practise is
with the head under water. Then the pupil can think of his arm and leg
movements without the bother and exertion of holding his head above
water.

CHANGING FROM BACK TO BREAST STROKE

The change from back to breast or _vice versa_ is simple if done slowly.
Let us assume the pupil while swimming is using the breast stroke and
wishes to turn over. When in position as in Fig. 15, the pupil should
roll over on the left side, lifting the right arm out of the water; he
will then be in the second back stroke position, ready to continue.

To turn from the back to the breast the movement is a little quicker, to
prevent the legs sinking too low. From position on the back as in Fig.
5, roll over on the right side, lifting the left arm out of the water so
that the hands meet straight in front. Then quickly snap the legs
straight together and bring the arms around in line with the shoulders
and resume your regular breast stroke.

These turns should be practised by rolling on either side. The pupil may
also bend forward when on the back, as in standing up, and continue with
the breast stroke.

[Illustration: LOUIS C. DALTON]

NEW PART II

ADVANCED STROKES

By

LOUIS C. DALTON

THE SIDE STROKES

The side stroke is used for long distance swimming and is easy to learn
on either side. The pupil should count the movements and be deliberate
while doing the strokes. Sp