e last event to the end of 1842, an addition of
$8,500,000,000 was made; the extensive working of the Russian gold mines
in 1843, and subsequent years, added to the close of 1852,
$1,400,000,000 more; the quadruple discovery of the California gold
mines in 1848, those of Australia in 1851, of New Zealand in 1861, and
the silver mines of Nevada and other countries bordering upon the
Pacific slope of the United States, added, at the close of 1884,
$7,093,626,000, making a grand total at the present time of
$26,441,000,000.

The average loss by the attrition of coin is estimated by Prof. Bowen
at one-fortieth of one per cent, per annum; and the average loss by
consumption in the arts, and destruction by fire and shipwreck, at
$9,000,000 per annum. The amount of the precious metals in existence is
estimated to be $13,670,000,000, of which gold furnishes $8,166,000,000,
and silver $5,504,000,000. Of the amount now in existence,
$10,500,000,000 are estimated to be in coin and bullion, $2,000,000,000
in watches, and the remainder in plate, jewelry, and ornaments. Of the
amount now in existence, $9,448,000,000 is estimated to have been
obtained from America, $1,908,000,000 from Asia (including Australia,
New Zealand, and Oceanica); $1,004,000,000 from Europe, and
$1,310,000,000 from Africa.

The following statement will exhibit the product of the precious metals
throughout the world in 1884:--

Countries. Gold. (America) Silver. Total.
Alaska, $300,000 $30,000 $320,000
British Columbia, 2,000,000 80,000 2,080,000
United States, 30,800,000 48,800,000 79,600,000
Mexico, 1,000,000 30,000,000 31,000,000
Guatemala, 40,000 200,000 240,000
Honduras, 50,000 50,000 100,000
San Salvador, 100,000 150,000 250,000
Nicaragua, 100,000 100,000 200,000
Costa Rica, 50,000 50,000 100,000
Columbia, 1,900,000 500,000 2,400,000
Venezuela, 3,000,000 200,000 3,200,000
Guiana, 75,000 50,000 125,000
Brazil, 400,000 50,000 450,000
Bolivia, 50,000 12,980,000