ions and
references given by J.N. Mackenzie, "Physiological and
Pathological Relations between the Nose and the Sexual Apparatus
in Man." _Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin_, No. 82, January,
1898; also Hagen, _Sexuelle Osphresiologie_, pp. 15-19.) A
similar belief as to the association between the sexual impulse
in women and a long nose was evidently common in England in the
sixteenth century, for in Massinger's _Emperor of the East_ (Act
II, Scene I) we read,

"Her nose, which by its length assures me
Of storms at midnight if I fail to pay her
The tribute she expects."

At the present day, a proverb of the Venetian people still
embodies the belief in the connection between a large nose and a
large sexual member.

The probability that such an association tends in many cases to
prevail is indicated not only by the beliefs of antiquity, when
more careful attention was paid to these matters, but by the
testimony of various modern observers, although it does not
appear that any series of exact observations have yet been made.

It may be noted that Marro, in his careful anthropological study
of criminals (_I Caratteri dei Delinquenti_), found no class of
criminals with so large a proportion alike of anomalies of the
nose and anomalies of the genital organs as sexual offenders.

However this may be, it is less doubtful that there is a very intimate
relation both in men and women between the olfactory mucous membrane of
the nose and the whole genital apparatus, that they frequently show a
sympathetic action, that influences acting on the genital sphere will
affect the nose, and occasionally, it is probable, influences acting on
the nose reflexly affect the genital sphere. To discuss these
relationships would here be out of place, since specialists are not
altogether in agreement concerning the matter. A few are inclined to
regard the association as extremely intimate, so that each region is
sensitive even to slight stimuli applied to the other region, while, on
the other hand, many authorities ignore altogether the question of the
relationship. It would appear, however, that there really is, in a
considerable number of people at all events, a reflex connection of this
kind. It has especially been noted that in many cases congestion of the
nose precedes menstruation.

Bleeding of the nose is specially apt to occur at p