ueber die
roemischen Apostelgraeber_, von H. Grisar, S. I. In the _Roemische
Quartalschrift_, 1892. Heft. I., II.

[91] See chapter ii., p. 99.

[92] My map of ancient Rome (scale 1:1000), which has cost me
twenty-five years of labor, will be published in forty-six sheets
measuring 0.90 m. x 0.60 m. each. The first, comprising sheets nos.
iii., x., xvii., xxiii., xxx., and xxxvi. (from the gardens of Sallust
to the Macellum Magnum on the Caelian), will be ready in May, 1893. The
plan is drawn in five colors, referring respectively to the royal,
republican, imperial, mediaeval and modern epochs.

[93] The basilica of S. Valentine, discovered in 1886, by our
archaeological commission, is mentioned on p. 120 of the present
volume.

CHAPTER IV.

IMPERIAL TOMBS.[94]

The death and burial of Augustus.--His will.--The Monumentum
Ancyranum.--Description and history of his mausoleum.--Its
connection with the Colonnas and Cola di Rienzo.--Other members
of the imperial family who were buried in it.--The story of the
flight and death of Nero.--His place of burial.--Ecloge, his
nurse.--The tomb of the Flavian emperors, Templum Flaviae
Gentis.--Its situation and surroundings.--The death of
Domitian.--The mausolea of the Christian emperors.--The tomb and
sarcophagus of Helena, mother of Constantine.--Those of
Constantia.--The two rotundas built near St. Peter's as imperial
tombs.--Discoveries made in them in the fifteenth and sixteenth
centuries.--The priceless relics of Maria, wife of
Honorius.--Similar instances of treasure-trove in ancient and
modern times.

THE MAUSOLEUM OF AUGUSTUS. Ancient writers have left detailed accounts
of the last hours of the founder of the Roman Empire. On the morning
of the nineteenth of August, anno Domini 14, feeling the approach of
death, Augustus inquired of the attendants whether the outside world
was concerned at his precarious condition; then he asked for a mirror,
and composed his body for the supreme event, as he had long before
prepared his mind and soul. Of his friends and the officers of the
household he took leave in a cheerful spirit; and as soon as he was
left alone with Livia he passed away in her arms, saying, "Livia, may
you live happily, as we have lived together from the day of our
marriage." His death was of the kind he had desired, peaceful and
painless. _[Greek: Euthanashian]_ (an easy end) was