ne year, for $5; ten copies, one year, for $12; twenty
or more copies, one year, $1 each; single copies, 15 cents each. An extra
copy to the one furnishing a club of ten or twenty.

TRY IT A YEAR.

ORANGE JUDD & CO.,

*Publishers & Proprietors,*

*No. 245 Broadway, New-York City.*

FOOTNOTES

1 --_Puddling_ is the kneading or rubbing of clay with water, a process
by which it becomes almost impervious, retaining this property until
thoroughly dried, when its close union is broken by the shrinking of
its parts. Puddled clay remains impervious as long as it is
saturated with water, and it does not entirely lose this quality
until it has been pulverized in a dry state.

A small proportion of clay is sufficient to injure the porousness of
the soil by puddling.--A clay subsoil is puddled by being plowed over
when too wet, and the injury is of considerable duration. Rain water
collected in hollows of stiff land, by the simple movement given it
by the wind, so puddles the surface that it holds the water while
the adjacent soil is dry and porous.

The term _puddling_ will often be used in this work, and the reader
will understand, from this explanation, the meaning with which it is
employed.

2 By leaving a space between the wall and the plastering, this
moisture is prevented from being an annoyance, and if the inclosed
space is not open from top to bottom, so as to allow a circulation
of air, but little vapor will come in contact with the wall, and but
an inconsiderable amount will be deposited.

3 The maps in this book are, for convenience, drawn to a scale of 160
feet to the inch.

4 The instrument from which this cut was taken, (as also Fig. 7) was
made by Messrs. Blunt & Nichols, Water st., N. Y.

5 The slight deviations caused by carrying the drains around large
stones, which are found in cutting the ditches, do not affect the
general arrangement of the lines.

6 The low price at which this instrument is sold, $1.50, places it
within the reach of all.

7 Except from quite near to the drain, it is not probable that the
water in the soil runs laterally towards it.

8 Some of the drains in the Central Park have a fall of only 1 in
1,000, and they work perfectly; but they are large mains, laid with
an amount of