rth: but there are
only two sorts cheifely to bee marked: namely the

{ Tropickes and the }
{ Polar circles. }

_The tropickes are two, parallel circles distant on each side of
the Aequator 23. degrees shewing the farthest bounds of the Sunns
declination North or South from the Aequator, or the midest of
heauen._ And therefore they are called tropickes a [Greek:
trepothai] _vertendo_, because when the Sunne comes ouer these
lines, hee either turnes away from vs, as in the Summer, or
turnes toward vs againe as in the winter: There are then two of
them _vid._

{ 1 The Tropicke of Cancer which lies on the North side
{ of the Aequator, to which when the Sunne comes, it
{ makes the longest day in Summer.
{
{ 2 The Tropicke of Capricorne, lying Southward of the
{ Aequator, to which when the Sunne comes, it makes the
{ shortest day in winter.

_The Polar circles are two parallels drawne by the poles of the
Zodiacke compassinge about the poles of the world, being distant
from them euery way 23 degrees. These are two._

1 _The Articke Circle that compasseth about the North Pole: it is
so called because that in the Heavens (where vnto this in the
earth lies opposite) runs through the constellation of the great
Beare, which in greeke is called [Greek: arktos]_

2 _The Antarticke circle that compasseth about the South Pole, &
is placed opposite vnto the former._ All these with the former
are easily known vp[~o] the Globe by these descripti[~o]s, &
names vsually added vnto th[~e]. But because maps are of an esier
price, & more c[~o]mon vse then Globes, it will be needfull to
shew how all these circles, which are drawne most naturally vpon
a round Globe, may also as truly, and profitably for knowledge
and vse be described vpon a plaine paper. Whereby we shall
vnderstand the reason of those lines which We see in the vsuall
Mapps of the world, both how they are drawne, and wherefore they
serue. Vnderstand therefore, that in laying downe the globe vpon
a plaine paper, you must imagine the globe to be cut in two
halfes through the midst, and so to be pressed downe flat to the
paper; as if you should take a hollow dish, and with your hand
squieze the bottom down, till it lie flat vpon a bord, or any
other plaine thing for then will those circles that before were
of equall distance, runne closer together towards the midst.
After this conceit, vniversall Maps are made of two fashion