ouse are
very slow indeed to make a start, and will remain sometimes for an
astonishing number of years in almost the same pitiable state."

CEANOTHUS.--Beautiful wall shrubs. They cannot be regarded as quite
hardy, but _C. azureus_ in a garden near London has mounted almost to
the chimney stacks; a surface of foliage, and in the appointed season
pale-blue flower clusters. The soil is light and the aspect due south;
and in cold, sunless places the Ceanothuses, it is well to remember,
utterly fail. A warm soil and sunny place suit the shrubs well. Gloire
de Versailles, Lucie Simon, and _pallidus_ are amongst the best of the
others. Of other species, _C. veitchianus_, deep blue, is very
beautiful; and _C. dentatus_ and _C. papillosus_ are also noteworthy.

CHIMONANTHUS FRAGRANS (Winter-sweet).--The variety _grandiflorus_ has
larger flowers and of a clearer shade of citron yellow than those of the
type, and though the plant is bare of leaf the blossoms make a brave
show, and may be descried against a well-toned brick wall from some
little distance. It is just as well to bear in mind that this is one of
the shrubs which bloom on the young wood, and any pruning or cutting out
of useless branches that may be necessary should be done in early spring
when the flowers are over, for if it be delayed there will be no
flowers next year. It may be raised from seed, but seedlings vary
greatly.

CHOISYA TERNATA (Mexican Orange Flower).--Very vigorous, shrubby,
glossy, green-leaved plant; rather tender, but quite happy in northern
gardens if not very exposed. Its clusters of flowers are very sweet and
white.

CLEMATIS (see p. 303).

COTONEASTER (see p. 80).

DIERVILLA.--May be grown against fences and even walls, but are better
against the former. I saw a fence covered with the crimson-flowered Eva
Rathke in a London garden, and flowered abundantly every year.

ECCREMOCARPUS SCABER.--Climber for wall, arch, or pergola, with reddish
flowers. Protect the roots by coating the soil above them with ashes or
some protective material.

EDWARDSIA (SOPHORA) TETRAPTERA.--This is called the New Zealand
Laburnum. A tree in its own country, but a shrubby wall plant here.
_Grandiflora_ is the best variety.

ESCALLONIA (see p. 385).

FUCHSIA.--The hardy Fuchsias are almost unknown, though amongst the most
beautiful of hardy shrubs. My favourite is _F. Riccartoni_, but this
often makes a good hedge. Very charming also are _F. coccinea_, _