ranny and insurrection, must prove
deeply moving and instructive. We cannot do more than refer to the
fact that Italy has been aroused; that tyranny has received a blow
from which it can never wholly recover, and that there, as well as
elsewhere, the rights of man have been proclaimed--proclaimed in
part--proclaimed with doubts, with erroneous conceptions, with false
views and an unchastened spirit, but still proclaimed, and what is
more, openly admitted--admitted with purer views of property, more
definite ideas of practicability, chastened wishes and paternal
feelings. All is right in its tendencies. The false perceptions are
owing to the suddenness of the light recently admitted. The
inclusiveness of demands spring from a want of knowledge of the
sacrifices which order requires from the friends of liberty--success
will correct these views, and experience show the path which true
patriotism opens.

Regarding, as we do, all movements as effects of Providential
direction, we cannot forbear to consider the election of Pius IX. to
the papal throne as an important part of that providence, in regard to
the Peninsula of Italy in particular, and, perhaps, to the whole
world. The correctness of the doctrine which makes that prelate a
spiritual chief, or the propriety of uniting temporal with spiritual
power, are questions to be settled elsewhere. Both exist, and both
have an influence on the movements of nations; and the character of
the new administrator of the Papal See, had at once an effect on his
own subjects and upon all the people of Italy, and, through the
people, upon the rulers. The new Pope seemed to have stepped forward a
century from the line occupied by his predecessor, and to have stood
in the front ranks of the reformers of the age. He was young, no old
habits of yielding retarded his movements. He was young, none of the
nervous tremulousness of age, that is shocked at the proposition of
_change_, made him deaf to the demands of the time. He was young, and
he had not yet been hardened into that unyieldingness of age that
distinguishes the veteran church-man, who mingles the necessity of
faith in _divine_ doctrines with the necessity of non-resistance to
human precepts. He knew and sympathized in the feelings which had
animated the Italians: he was not ignorant that the prisons had been
filled by men charged with crimes which the oppression of Austria
provoked, and which the espionage of Austria detected and ca