ss, or of needlessly profuse
perspiration.

If, for the first two days of a bad cold, the child is kept in bed, the
room being at a temperature of 60 deg., with no extra covering on the bed,
but a flannel jacket for the child to wear when it sits up in bed to
play, a few drops of ipecacuanha wine several times a day, a warm bath,
a linseed poultice to the chest, and a little paregoric at night, with a
light diet of rice, and arrowroot, and milk, and a roasted apple, and
some orange juice; nine times out of ten, or nineteen out of twenty, the
cold will pass away with small discomfort to the child and no anxiety to
the parents.

Often a child objects to stop all day in its little cot, but move it to
its mother's or nurse's big bed; and with a large tray of toys before
it, and a little of the tact which love teaches, the day will pass in
unclouded content and cheerfulness.

It must of course be borne in mind that measles set in with all the
symptoms of a bad cold, followed on the fourth day by the appearance of
the eruption; and, moreover, watchfulness must always be alive to detect
increase of fever, hurry of breathing, hardness or extreme frequency of
cough, the sign of the irritation of the larger air-tubes having
extended and become more severe, the evidence that the case from simple
catarrh has become one of bronchitis.

=Bronchitis and Pneumonia.=--It is impossible to enable persons who have
not received a medical education to distinguish between a case of
bronchitis and one of pneumonia. Neither, indeed, is it of much
importance that they should do so, for in both the dangers are of a
similar kind, and both call equally for the advice of a skilful doctor.

In _bronchitis_ inflammation affects the lining of the air-tubes,
travelling from the larger towards the smaller, and in bad cases
extending even to their termination in the minute air-cells. The
inflammation leads to the pouring out of a secretion, which by degrees
becomes thick like matter, or even very tenacious, almost as tough as
though it were a thin layer of skin. If this is very extensive, and
reaches to the small air-cells, it is evident that air cannot enter,
while that elasticity of the lung which I have already spoken of tends
to drive out from the cells the small quantity of air they contained,
and the child dies suffocated, partly from the difficulty in the
entrance of air, partly from the collapse of air-cells from which the
air has been slowl