t till he sink the manure three handbreadths, or raise it three,
or till he place it on a rock."

4. "He who stables his cattle in his field?" "He may make a pen twice
fifty cubits square. He may remove three sides and leave the middle one.
It follows that he has a stable four times fifty cubits square." Rabbi
Simon, the son of Gamaliel, said "eight times fifty cubits square." "If
his whole field were four times fifty square cubits?" "He should leave a
little space because of the observant eye, and he may remove the manure of
his cattle from the pen and put it into the middle of his field, as men
usually manure."

5. A man may not open a quarry in the beginning of the Sabbatical year in
his field, unless there be already in it three heaps of stones measuring
three cubits by three cubits, and in height three cubits, counting
twenty-seven stones in each heap.

6. A fence composed of ten stones each, of weight sufficient for two men,
may be removed. "If the fence measure ten handbreadths?" "Less than this
he may clear off, but he must leave it a handbreadth high over the
ground." These words only speak of his own field. But from his neighbor's
field he may take away what he pleases. These words speak of the time when
one did not begin the work on the eve of the Sabbatical year. "But if one
begin on the eve of the Sabbatical year?" "He may take away what he
pleases."

7. Stones shaken by the plough, or those covered and afterward exposed, if
there be among them two of a burden for two men, may be removed. He who
removes stones from his field may remove the upper (ones),(50) but he must
leave those touching the earth. And so also from a heap of rubbish, or a
heap of stones, one may take away the upper part, but must leave that
which touches(51) the earth. If there be beneath them a rock, or stubble,
they may be removed.

8. Men must not build terraces on the face of the hills on the eve of the
Sabbatical year, when the rains have ceased, because that is preparation
for the Sabbatical year. But one may build them in the Sabbatical year,
when the rains have ceased, because that is preparation for the close of
the Sabbatical year. And men must not strengthen them with mortar, but
they may make a slight wall. Every stone which they can reach(52) with
their hands and remove, they may remove.

9. "Shoulder stones may come from every place, and the contractor may
bring them from every place. And these are shoulder stones, eve