FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   46   47   48   49   50   51   52   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   60   61   62   63   64   65   66   67   68   69   70  
71   72   73   74   75   76   77   78   79   80   81   82   83   84   85   86   87   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   >>   >|  
e last question, then, is this: When does the child get the different colour _Sensations_ (not recognitions), and in what order? To solve this question it would seem that experiments should be made upon younger children. The results described above were all secured after the children had made considerable progress in learning to speak. To meet this requirement another method may be used which can be applied to children less than a year old. The colours are shown, and the child led to grasp after them. This method is of such a character as to yield a series of experiments whose results are in terms of the most fundamental movements of the infant; it can be easily and pleasantly conducted; and it is of wide application. The child's hand movements are nearly ideal in this respect. The hand reflects the child's first feelings, and becomes the most mobile organ of his volition, except his organs of speech. We find spontaneous arm and hand movements, reflex movements, reaching-out movements, grasping movements, imitative movements, manipulating movements, and voluntary efforts--all these, in order, reflecting the development of the mind. To illustrate this method, I may cite certain results reached by myself on the questions of colour and distance perception, and right-handedness in the child. _Distance and Colour Perception._--I undertook at the beginning of my child H.'s ninth month to experiment with her with a view to arriving at the exact state of her colour perception, and also to investigate her sense of distance. The arrangements consisted in this instance in giving the infant a comfortable sitting posture, kept constant by a band passing around her chest and fastened securely to the back of her chair. Her arms were left bare and quite free in their movements. Pieces of paper of different colours were exposed before her, at varying distances, front, right, and left. This was regulated by a framework, consisting of a horizontal rod graded in inches, projecting from the back of the chair at a level with her shoulder and parallel with her arm when extended straight forward, and carrying on it another rod, also graded in inches, at right angles to the first. This second rod was thus a horizontal line directly in front of the child, parallel with a line connecting her shoulders, and so equally distant for both hands. This second rod was made to slide upon the first, so as to be adjusted at any desired distance fro
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   46   47   48   49   50   51   52   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   60   61   62   63   64   65   66   67   68   69   70  
71   72   73   74   75   76   77   78   79   80   81   82   83   84   85   86   87   88   89   90   91   92   93   94   95   >>   >|  



Top keywords:

movements

 
children
 

method

 
results
 

distance

 

colour

 
graded
 

inches

 

perception

 

question


colours

 
horizontal
 

infant

 

experiments

 

parallel

 

posture

 

sitting

 
constant
 

passing

 

fastened


experiment

 

undertook

 

beginning

 

arriving

 

consisted

 
instance
 
giving
 

arrangements

 
investigate
 

comfortable


regulated
 

directly

 

connecting

 

shoulders

 
angles
 

carrying

 

extended

 

straight

 
forward
 

equally


distant

 
desired
 

adjusted

 

shoulder

 

Pieces

 
exposed
 

projecting

 
consisting
 

framework

 

varying