lusions to the Huastecs. The
most important contest between the two nations took place in the reign
of Montezuma the First (1440-1464). The attack was made by the Aztecs,
for the alleged reason that the Huastecs had robbed and killed Aztec
merchants on their way to the great fairs in Guatemala. The Huastecs are
described as numerous, dwelling in walled towns, possessing quantities
of maize, beans, feathers and precious stones, and painting their faces.
They were signally defeated by the troops of Montezuma, but not reduced
to vassalage.[24-1]

At the time of the Conquest the province of the Huastecs was densely
peopled; "none more so under the sun," remarks the Augustinian friar
Nicolas de Witte, who visited it in 1543; but even then he found it
almost deserted and covered with ruins, for, a few years previous, the
Spaniards had acted towards its natives with customary treachery and
cruelty. They had invited all the chiefs to a conference, had enticed
them into a large wooden building, and then set fire to it and burned
them alive. When this merciless act became known the Huastecs deserted
their villages and scattered among the forests and mountains.[24-2]

These traditions go to show that the belief among the Aztecs was that
the tribes of the Maya family came originally from the north or
northeast, and were at some remote period closely connected with their
own ancestors.

Sec. 4. _Political Condition at the Time of the Conquest._

When the Spaniards first explored the coasts of Yucatan they found the
peninsula divided into a number of independent petty states. According
to an authority followed by Herrera, these were eighteen in number.
There is no complete list of their names, nor can we fix with certainty
their boundaries. The following list gives their approximate position.
On the west coast, beginning at the south--

1. _Acalan_, on the Bahia de Terminos.
2. _Tixchel_ (or Telchac?)
3. _Champoton_ (Chakanputun, or Potonchan).
4. _Kinpech_ (Campech or Campeche).
5. _Canul_ (Acanul or H' Canul).
6. _Hocabaihumun._
7. _Cehpech_, in which Merida was founded.
8. _Zipatan_, on the northwest coast.

On the east coast, beginning at the north--

9. _Choaca_, near Cape Cotoche.
10. _Ekab_, opposite the Island of Cozumel.
11. _Conil_, or of the Cupuls.[TN-3]
13. _Bakhalal_, or Bacalar.
14. _Chetemal._
15. _Taitza_, the Peten district.

Central provinces--

16. _H' Chel