old; a numeral termination, like _ple_, from the
Latin _plico_, I fold.

FUL--full; truthful.

HOOD, NESS--of uncertain derivation, signify state, etc., as in priesthood,
righteousness.

ISH--_isc_ (Saxon), _isch_ (German), denotes a quality; like rakish,
knavish, churlish, Danish. _Ish_ is also employed as a
diminutive--blackish.

LESS--_loss_: as penniless, hopeless.

LIKE and LY--_like_; _lic_ (A.-S.): as warlike, manly.

SOME--_sum_ (A.-S.), _sam_ (German), lonesome, handsome.

TEEN--ten, as in fourteen.

TY--from _tig_ (A.-S ), ten; _zig_ (German), as in six-_ty_. _Teen_ adds
ten--_ty_ multiplies by ten.

WARD--_weard_, _waerts_ (German), _versus_ (Latin), against, direction,
towards; downward, eastward.

WISE--_wisa_, manner; likewise.

Y--_ig_, an adjective termination; _dreorig_ (A.-S.), dreary.

ANGLO-SAXON ROOTS AND ENGLISH DERIVATIVES.

The pronunciation of Anglo-Saxon is much nearer to that of modern German or
the Continental pronunciation of Latin than of modern English.

The letters of the alphabet wanting in Anglo-Saxon are: _j_, _k_, _q_, _v_,
and _z_. _K_ is commonly represented by _c_; thus, _cyning_ (king) is
pronounced _kining_; _cyrtel_, _kirtle_; _qu_ is represented by _cw_, as
_cwic_, _quick_; _cwen_, _queen_; _cwellan_, to _quell_; _th_ is
represented by two peculiar characters, one of which in its reduced form
resembles _y_, as in _ye olden times_, where _ye_ should be pronounced
_the_, and not _ye_, as is often ignorantly done.

Long vowels should be carefully distinguished from short vowels. Long
vowels are _a_ as _far_, _ae_ as in _fare_, _e_ as in _they_, _i_ as in
_pique_, _o_ as in _bone_, _u_ as in _rule_, _y_ as in _i_ (nearly). Short
vowels are _a_ as in _fast_, _ae_ as in _man_, _e_ as in _men_, _i_ as in
_pin_, _o_ as in _God_, _u_ as in _full_, _y_ as in _i_ (nearly).

In the diphthongs _ea_, _eo_, and _ie_, the first element receives the
stress; the second is pronounced very lightly.

There are no silent letters in Anglo-Saxon as in modern English. The vowel
of every syllable is pronounced, and in difficult combinations of
consonants, as in _hlud_, loud, _cniht_, knight, _cnif_, knife, each
consonant has its distinct sound.

_E_ before _a_ and _o_ has the sound of _y_ as a consonant; _i_ before _e_
and _u_ has the same sound: thus, _Earl_ = _yarl_; _eow_ = _you_; _iett_ =
_yett_; and _iugoth_ = _yugoth_, youth.

AC, _an oak_--oak, oaken.
ACSIAN, _to inquir