o the _Report of the
United States Coast Survey_ for 1880. Varnhagen, in 1864, selected
Mariguana, and defended his choice in a paper. This island fails to
satisfy the physical conditions in being without interior water. Such a
qualification, however, belongs to the Grand Turk Island, which was
advocated first by Navarrete in 1826, whose views have since been
supported by George Gibbs, and for a while by Major.

It is rather curious to note that Caleb Cushing, who undertook to
examine this question in the _North American Review_, under the guidance
of Navarrete's theory, tried the same backward method which has been
later applied to the problem, but with quite different results from
those reached by more recent investigators. He says, "By setting out
from Nipe which is the point where Columbus struck Cuba and proceeding
in a retrograde direction along his course, we may surely trace his
path, and shall be convinced that Guanahani is no other than Turk's
Island."

[Illustration: THE LANDFALL OF COLUMBUS, 1492. [After Ruge.]

_Key:_
-- -- according to Munoz and Becher. ---- Irving and Humboldt.
-+-+ Varnhagen --.--. Navarrete.
]

LEWIS AND CLARKE REACH THE PACIFIC OCEAN

[In 1804-6 Captains Lewis and Clarke, by order of the
Government of the United States, commanded an expedition to
the sources of the Missouri, thence across the Rocky
Mountains and down the River Columbia to the Pacific Ocean.
Chapter IV., which follows, is taken from the second volume
of the History of the Expedition, published by Harper &
Brothers, New York, 1842. The matter of the original journal
is indicated by inverted commas, and where portions of it
embracing minute and uninteresting particulars, have been
omitted, the leading facts have been briefly stated by the
editor, Archibald McVickar, in his own words, so that the
connection of the narrative is preserved unbroken and nothing
of importance is lost to the reader. The History of the
Expedition, edited, with notes by Elliott Coues, was
published in 1893 in four volumes by Francis P. Harper, New
York. This edition surpasses every other in its excellence:
it has passed out of print, but may be found in many public
libraries. In 1901 Houghton, Mifflin & Co., Boston, published
"Lewis and Clark," by Wm. R. Lighton: within one hundred and
fifty-nin