in the same direction as the change
in the parent, we may dimly see is implied by the fact, that the change
propagated throughout the parental system is a change towards a new state
of equilibrium--a change tending to bring the actions of all organs,
reproductive included, into harmony with these new actions."

[903] M. Philipeaux ('Comptes Rendus,' Oct. 1, 1866, p. 576, and June,
1867) has lately shown that when the entire fore-limb, including the
scapula, is extirpated, the power of regrowth is lost. From this he
concludes that it is necessary for regrowth that a small portion of the
limb should be left. But as in the lower animals the whole body may be
bisected and both halves be reproduced, this belief does not seem probable.
May not the early closing of a deep wound, as in the case of the
extirpation of the scapula, prevent the formation or protrusion of the
nascent limb?

[904] 'Annal. des Sc. Nat.,' 3rd series, Bot., tom. xiv., 1850, p. 244.

[905] _See_ some very interesting papers on this subject by Prof. Lionel
Beale, in 'Medical Times and Gazette,' Sept. 9th, 1865, pp. 273, 330.

[906] Third Report of the R. Comm. on the Cattle Plague, as quoted in
'Gard. Chronicle,' 1866, p. 446.

[907] In a cod-fish, weighing 20 lb., Mr. F. Buckland ('Land and Water,'
1867, p. 57) calculated the above number of eggs. In another instance,
Harmer ('Phil. Transact.,' 1767, p. 280) found 3,681,760 eggs. For the
Ascaris, _see_ Carpenter's 'Comp. Phys.,' 1854, p. 590. Mr. J. Scott, of
the Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, calculated, in the same manner as I
have done for some British orchids ('Fertilisation of Orchids,' p. 344),
the number of seeds in a capsule of an Acropera, and found the number to be
371,250. Now this plant produces several flowers on a raceme and many
racemes during a season. In an allied genus, Gongora, Mr. Scott has seen
twenty capsules produced on a single raceme: ten such racemes on the
Acropera would yield above seventy-four millions of seed. I may add that
Fritz Mueller informs me that he found in a capsule of a Maxillaria, in
South Brazil, that the seed weighed 42-1/2 grains: he then arranged half a
grain of seed in a narrow line, and by counting a measured length found the
number in the half-grain to be 20,667, so that in the capsule there must
have been 1,756,440 seeds! The same plant sometimes produces half-a-dozen
capsules.

[908] 'Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist.,' 3rd series, vol. viii., 1861