that "no person under the apparent age of 13
years shall be enrolled in the armed forces"

Manpower available for military service:
males age 18-49: 5,012,620 (2005 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:
males age 18-49: 2,889,808 (2005 est.)

Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$170.3 million (2004)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
2.2% (2004)

Transnational Issues Uganda

Disputes - international:
Uganda is subject to armed fighting among hostile ethnic groups,
rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government forces;
Ugandan refugees have fled the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) into the
southern Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo; LRA forces
have also attacked Kenyan villages across the border

Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 184,731 (Sudan) 18,000 (Rwanda)
IDPs: 1.4 million note - ongoing Lord's Resistance Army (LRA)
rebellion, mainly in the north; LRA frequently attacks IDP camps
(2004)

This page was last updated on 20 October, 2005

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@Ukraine

Introduction Ukraine

Background:
Ukraine was the center of the first Slavic state, Kievan Rus, which
during the 10th and 11th centuries was the largest and most powerful
state in Europe. Weakened by internecine quarrels and Mongol
invasions, Kievan Rus was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of
Lithuania and eventually into the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The cultural and religious legacy of Kievan Rus laid the foundation
for Ukrainian nationalism through subsequent centuries. A new
Ukrainian state, the Cossack Hetmanate, was established during the
mid-17th century after an uprising against the Poles. Despite
continuous Muscovite pressure, the Hetmanate managed to remain
autonomous for well over 100 years. During the latter part of the
18th century, most Ukrainian ethnographic territory was absorbed by
the Russian Empire. Following the collapse of czarist Russia in
1917, Ukraine was able to bring about a short-lived period of
independence (1917-20), but was reconquered and forced to endure a
brutal Soviet rule that engineered two artificial famines (1921-22
and 1932-33) in which over 8 million died. In World War II, German
and Soviet armies were responsible for some 7 to 8 million more
deaths. Although final independence for Ukra