ge of the cows actually milked will be three-quarters of a pound
of butter fat. There are herds which make an average of nine-tenths of
a pound of butter fat per day, but to secure this result requires
superior cattle, careful feeding and more than ordinary care.

The standard ration for milch cows weighing from 1,000 to 1,200 pounds
is 25 pounds of dry matter, two-thirds of which is digestible. The
ration should contain not less than two pounds of digestible protein.
In ordinary practice, about ten pounds of the dry matter of the ration
is obtained from maize silage, nine pounds from hay and about six
pounds from grain or other concentrates. In general, this is obtained
by feeding 35 pounds of maize silage, ten pounds of hay and seven to
eight pounds of concentrates. The silage may be estimated at one-tenth
to one-eighth of a cent a pound, hay at from one-fourth to one-half
cent and concentrates at from three-quarters to one and one-quarter
cents per pound, varying, of course, with the different sections of
the country. The amount of food needed will vary somewhat with the
size of the animals, but will depend much more largely upon the amount
of milk and butter fat given. While maintaining substantially the
general average just given for the whole herd, it is the practice of
careful feeders to vary the amount of concentrates fed to each
individual in accordance with the amount of butter fat or milk given.

[Illustration: Mr. Gabriel Hiester, Harrisburg, Pa., graduate of the
Pennsylvania State College, for many years trustee of the college and
president of the State Horticultural Society, had a beautiful farm home
near Harrisburg. During the first twenty years in bearing his orchard, of
which one-fourth the trees were unprofitable varieties, returned an
average of $80 per acre with apples selling at 60 cents to $1 per bushel.
Mr. Hiester believed, with a proper selection of varieties and a
favorable location, that any well-managed orchard can be made to do much
better.]

[Illustration: Dr. J. H. Funk, Boyertown, Pa., graduate of the
University of Pennsylvania, 1865, farmers' institute lecturer, former
state pomologist, has 50 acres of apples and peaches. Returns from his
plantings begun in 1896 are so phenomenal that he is afraid to permit the
publication of his profits. It is known, however, that he has sold $5,000
each of peaches and apples in one year.]

COST OF MAINTAINING WORK HORSES

At the