ns in
matter of deserters enlisted in _Chesapeake_, 83; recalled, 85. =Bib.=:
_Dict. Nat. Biog._

=Berlin Decrees.= Issued by Napoleon, November, 1806, to the following
effect: The British Isles were in a state of blockade; intercourse with
them was prohibited; all British subjects within French authority were
to be held as prisoners of war; all British property, private and
public, was declared to be prize of war; also merchandise from Britain;
merchants whose property had been captured by British cruisers were to
be indemnified from the product of such seizures; no British ships were
to be admitted into any port of France, or her allies; every vessel
eluding this rule was to be confiscated. The object of the decrees was
to close the continent against British commerce. The British government
retaliated by issuing an order-in-council, refusing to neutrals the
right of trading from one hostile port to another. =Index=: =Bk=
Directed by Napoleon against commerce of Great Britain, 81, 82, 105,
171, 172. =Bib.:= _Dict. Eng. Hist._; Green, _Short History of the
English People_; Kingsford, _History of Canada_.

=Bernard, Hewitt= (1825-1893). Entered the Canadian public service,
1858; deputy-minister of justice, 1867; resigned, 1876. In 1872, created
I. C.; and the same year made C. M. G. In 1878 appointed assistant
commissioner to France and Spain to negotiate commercial treaties.
Aide-de-camp to Lord Monck, 1868, and to Lord Stanley, 1888. =Index=:
=T= Confidential secretary to the Quebec Conference, 77; acts as
secretary to Confederation delegates in London, 121. =Bib.=: Pope,
_Memoirs of Sir John A. Macdonald_.

=Bernardin, of Siena, Saint.= =L= On the guidance of Providence, 35-36.

=Bernetz, Chevalier de.= =WM= Commands battalion of Royal Roussillon
Regiment, 12; second in command of the town (Quebec), 86.

=Bernieres, Henri de= (1635-1700). Born in France. Came to Canada with
Laval in 1659. Cure of Quebec, 1660-1687; and grand-vicar of the bishop
of Quebec. First superior of the Seminary of Quebec, 1663, holding that
position till 1688 and from 1693 to 1697. =Index=: =F= Grand-vicar of
bishop of Quebec, 111. =L= Head of retreat at Caen, 24; first superior
of Quebec Seminary, 55; transfers his personal income to seminary, 56;
administers diocese in Laval's absence, 134; claims ecclesiastical
rights, 163; made dean of Chapter, 197; his death, 239. =Bib.=: _Jesuit
Relations_, ed. by Thwaites; Gosselin, _Henri de Berni