st. They were without religion, 'of the horse,
horsey,' and notorious thieves. In this they agree with the European
Gipsy. But they are not habitual eaters of _mullo balor_, or 'dead
pork;' they do not devour everything like dogs. We cannot ascertain that
the Jat is specially a musician, a dancer, a mat and basket-maker, a
rope-dancer, a bear-leader, or a pedlar. We do not know whether they are
peculiar in India among the Indians for keeping their hair unchanged to
old age, as do pure-blood English Gipsies. All of these things are,
however, markedly characteristic of certain different kinds of wanderers,
or Gipsies, in India. From this we conclude--hypothetically--that the
Jat warriors were supplemented by other tribes.

"Next to the word Rom itself, the most interesting in Romany is Zingan,
or Tchenkan, which is used in twenty or thirty different forms by the
people of every country, except England, to indicate the Gipsy. An
incredible amount of far-fetched erudition has been wasted in pursuing
this philological _ignis-fatuus_. That there are leather-working and
saddle-working Gipsies in Persia who call themselves Zingan is a fair
basis for an origin of the word; but then there are Tchangar Gipsies of
Jat affinity in the Punjab. Wonderful it is that in this war of words no
philologist has paid any attention to what the Gipsies themselves say
about it. What they do say is sufficiently interesting, as it is told in
the form of a legend which is intrinsically curious and probably ancient.
It is given as follows in 'The People of Turkey,' by a Consul's Daughter
and Wife, edited by Mr. Stanley Lane Poole, London, 1878:--

"'Although the Gipsies are not persecuted in Turkey, the antipathy
and disdain felt for them evinces itself in many ways, and appears to
be founded upon a strange legend current in the country. This legend
says that when the Gipsy nation were driven out of their country and
arrived at Mekran, they constructed a wonderful machine to which a
wheel was attached.' From the context of this imperfectly told
story, it would appear as if the Gipsies could not travel further
until this wheel should revolve:--'Nobody appeared to be able to turn
it, till in the midst of their vain efforts some evil spirit
presented himself under the disguise of a sage, and informed the
chief, whose name was Chen, that the wheel would be made to turn only
when he had married