ecumbent position, it rolls away from this sensitive _trigone_ into the
back part of the bladder, where the mucous membrane is less sensitive;
consequently, the patient suffering from stone in the bladder is more
easy at night, whereas, one suffering from prostatic disease, whether it
be inflammation of the prostate gland, or enlargement of that organ, is
usually worse in bed.

HOW BLADDER DISEASES COME TO BE CONFOUNDED WITH OTHER DISEASES. The
bladder is largely supplied with blood-vessels, lymphatics, and nerves,
given off from the same systems that supply the rectum or lower bowel,
and in females the uterus or womb, and the ovaries. This accounts, in a
great measure, for the symptoms of bladder disease in those afflicted
with piles, or other diseases of the lower bowel, or of diseases of the
uterus or womb in the female. We have frequently been consulted by
patients who had erroneously supposed themselves to be suffering from
disease of the bladder, or of the prostate gland, but whom we found, on
examination, to be suffering from hemorrhoids, or piles. In these cases,
by removal of the pile tumors, the frequent desire to urinate, and all
pain in the region of the bladder, are promptly relieved. Sometimes,
ulcers located in the rectum, give very little unpleasant sensation in
the bowel, but produce pain in the bladder, with frequent desire to
urinate. Enlargement of the uterus, the womb, or displacements of that
organ, as prolapsus, or anteversion, and all capable of producing
symptoms of bladder disease. A frequent desire to urinate and more or
less sharp pain in the region of the bladder are usually experienced in
these cases. Disease of the bladder, in like manner, often produces an
apparent disease of other organs through sympathy, and without great
care in diagnosticating each case, the _effect_ may be taken for the
_cause_, and the patient treated for a disease which does not really
exist.

THE URETHRA.

The urethra, in the male, is the canal extending from the bladder to the
end of the penis, through which the urine is passed. This canal starts
from the base of the bladder, passes through the prostate gland, and,
entering the penis, continues of about uniform size along the under part
of the penis until it reaches the glans, or head of that organ, where it
expands somewhat into a bulb-like fossa, or cavity, and becomes reduced
again at the orifice. At a short distance from the bladder it receives
the outle