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This the managers for the Commons considered as having gained their cause, as their having obtained _the whole_ of what they contended for. They congratulated themselves and the nation on a civil victory as glorious and as honorable as any that had obtained in arms during that reign of triumphs. Sir Joseph Jekyl, in his reply to Harcourt, and the other great men who conducted the cause for the Tory side, spoke in the following memorable terms, distinctly stating the whole of what the Whig House of Commons contended for, in the name of all their constituents. * * * * * _Sir Joseph Jekyl._ [Sidenote: Necessity creates an exception, and the Revolution a case of necessity, the utmost extent of the demand of the Commons.] "My Lords, the concessions" (the concessions of Sacheverell's counsel) "are these: That _necessity_ creates an _exception_ to the general rule of submission to the prince; that such exception is understood or implied in the laws that require such submission; and that _the case of the Revolution was a case of necessity._ "These are concessions _so ample_, and do so _fully_ answer the drift of the Commons in this article, and are to _the utmost extent of their meaning in it_, that I can't forbear congratulating them upon this success of their impeachment,--that in full Parliament, this erroneous doctrine of _unlimited_ non-resistance is given up and disclaimed. And may it not, in after ages, be an addition to the glories of this bright reign, that so many of those who are honored with being in her Majesty's service have been at your Lordships' bar thus successfully contending for the _national_ rights of her people, and proving they are not precarious or remediless? "But to return to these concessions: I must appeal to your Lordships, whether they are not a _total departure_ from the Doctor's answer." * * * * * I now proceed to show that the Whig managers for the Commons meant to preserve the government on a firm foundation, by asserting the perpetual validity of the settlement then made, and its coercive power upon posterity. I mean to show that they gave no sort of countenance to any doctrine tending to impress the _people_ (taken separately from the legislature, which includes the crown) with an idea that _they_ had acquired a moral or civil competence to alter, without breach of the original compact on the part of the king,
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