as well as on the branches, must be begun
from the point, because they thus acquire a better shape. If you wish to
work a leaf divided in the middle, as seen in illustration 77, you must
trace the veining before you fill it with chain stitches, then begin at
one point of the leaf and work first one half and then the other.

[Illustration: 77.--Raised Satin Stitch.]

[Illustration: 78.--Point de Plume.]

ILLUSTRATION 78 shows the so-called _point de plume_ on a scalloped
leaf. It is worked like the satin stitch, only the needle is drawn
through the material in a slanting direction.

[Illustration: 79.--Point de Minute.]

ILLUSTRATION 79 (_Point de Minute_).--This stitch is often used instead
of satin stitch when the patterns must appear raised. Wind the cotton
several times round the point of the needle, which is inserted into the
material half its length (the number of times the cotton is to be wound
round the needle depends on the length of the pattern), hold fast the
windings with the thumb of the left hand, draw the needle and the cotton
through the windings, insert the needle into the material at the same
place, and draw it out at the place where the next stitch is to begin.

[Illustration: 80.--Ladder Stitch.]

[Illustration: 81.--Ladder Stitch.]

ILLUSTRATIONS 80 & 81 show the _ladder stitch_, often used in ornamental
embroidery. Trace first the outlines as seen in illustrations; mark also
the cross stitches between the outlines, so that the first touch the
outlines only at both ends. The outlines are embroidered in overcast
stitch or double overcast; the material is cut away underneath the
ladder stitch between the outlines.

We have now shown the different kinds of stitches used in embroidery;
the following illustrations show them used for different patterns.

[Illustration: 82.--Button-hole Stitch Scallop.]

[Illustration: 83.--Button-hole Stitch Scallop.]

[Illustration: 84.--Button-hole Stitch Scallop.]

[Illustration: 85.--Button-hole Stitch Scallop.]

ILLUSTRATIONS 82 TO 85 (_Different Button-hole Stitch Scallops_).--These
scallops are prepared as above described. Take care to have the stitches
even and regular; the scallops must be wide in the centre and very fine
at both ends.

ILLUSTRATIONS 86 & 87 (_Button-holes and Eyelets_).--This kind of
embroidery is used only in round or long patterns. Trace first the
outline of the hole, cut away a small round piece of material, not too