the valley.

[Illustration 413: White.]
[Illustration: White.]
[Illustration: Mourning Warblers. Macgillivray Warblers.]
[Illustration: deco.]
[Illustration: right hand margin.]

Page 412

681. MARYLAND YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis trichas trichas._

Range.--Eastern United States; this species has recently been still
further sub-divided so that this form is supposed to be restricted to
the south Atlantic coast of the United States.

The Maryland Yellow-throat is represented in all parts of the United
States by one of its forms. They are ground loving birds, frequenting
swamps and thickets where they can be located by their loud,
unmistakable song of "Witchery, w i t c h e r y, witch." They nest on or
very near the ground, making their nests of grass, lined with hair;
these are either in hollows in the ground at the foot of clumps of grass
or weeds, or attached to the weed stalks within a few inches of the
ground. They lay from three to five eggs in May or June; these are
white, specked about the larger end with reddish brown and umber, and
with shell markings of stone gray. Size .70 x .50. All the sub-species
of this bird have the same general habits of this one and their eggs
cannot be distinguished from examples of the eastern form; the birds,
too, owing to the great differences in plumage between individuals from
the same place, cannot be distinguished with any degree of satisfaction
except by the ones who "discovered" them.

681a. WESTERN YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis trichas occidentalis._

Range.--This variety, which is said to be brighter yellow below, is
ascribed to the arid regions of western United States; not on the
Pacific coast.

681b. FLORIDA YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis trichas ignota._

Range.--South Atlantic and Gulf coast to Texas.

681c. PACIFIC YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis trichas arizela._

Range.--Pacific coast from British Columbia southward.

681e. SALT MARSH YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis trichas sinuosa._

Range.--Salt marshes of San Francisco Bay.

[Illustration 414: White.]
[Illustration: Maryland Yellow-throats. Belding's Yellow-throat.]
[Illustration: Left hand margin.]

Page 413

682. BELDING'S YELLOW-THROAT. _Geothlypis beldingi._

Range.--Lower California.

This peculiar species is like the common Yellow-throat but has the black
mask bordered by yellow instead of white, and the black on the forehead
extends diagonally across the head from in front of one eye to the r