not nearly as shy as the Hairy Woodpeckers, and also associate with
other birds very freely. The three to six eggs are laid upon the bottom
of the cavity, with no lining. The height of the nesting season is
during May or June. The white glossy eggs are .75 x .60.

394a. GAIRDNER'S WOODPECKER. Dryobates pubescens gairdneri.

Range.--Pacific coast from northern California to British Columbia.

This sub-species is like the last, but is without spots on the wing
coverts and is a dingy white below, differing the same as Harris
Woodpecker from the Hairy.

394b. BATCHELDER'S WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens homorus._

Range.--Rocky Mountain region of the United States.

Like the last but whiter below.

394c. DOWNY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens medianus._

Range.--North America, east of the Plains and north of South Carolina.

Similar to the southern variety but slightly larger and whiter.

394d. NELSON'S DOWNY WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens nelsoni._

Range.--Alaska.

Similar to the northern variety but still larger.

394e. WILLOW WOODPECKER. _Dryobates pubescens turati._

Range.--California except the northern parts and the ranges of the
south.

Similar to Gairdner Woodpecker, but smaller and whiter.

395. RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER. _Dryobates borealis._

Range.--Southeastern United States, from South Carolina and Arkansas,
southward.

This black and white species may be known from any other because of the
uniform black crown and nape, the male having a small dot of red on
either side of the crown, back of the eye. They are quite abundant in
the Gulf States and Florida, where they nest during April and May, and
in some localities in March. They build in hollow trees or stumps at an
elevation from the ground, laying from three to six glossy white eggs;
size .95 x .70.

[Illustration 253: white, glossy.]
[Illustration: Southern Downy.]
[Illustration: right hand margin.]

Page 252

396. TEXAS WOODPECKER. _Dryobates scalaris bairdi._

Range.--Southwestern United States from southern Colorado south to
northern Mexico. This species is brownish white below, has the back
barred with black and white, and the male has the whole crown red,
shading into mixed black and whitish on the forehead. Its habits and
nesting are just the same as those of the Downy, but the three or four
white eggs, that they lay in April, are larger; size .80 x .65.

396a. SAN LUCAS WOODPECKER. _Dryobates scalaris l