94.

[220] Ellis, citing Donaldson, _Woman_, p. 196. This is also the
opinion of Mueller.

[221] Revillout, _Revue egyptologique_, Vol. I. p. 113.

[222] Simcox, _op. cit._, Vol. I. p. 207.

[223] Donaldson, _Woman_, pp. 244-245, citing Nietzold, p. 79.

[224] Letourneau (_Evolution of Marriage_, p. 176) takes this view.

[225] This is, of course, a survival of the old matriarchal custom.

[226] Hobhouse, _op. cit._, Vol. L. pp. 5-186. Herodotus (Bk. II. p.
42) states that many Egyptians, like the Greeks, had adopted monogamy.

[227] Burgsch, _Hist._, Vol. I. p. 262, quoted by Simcox.

[228] Simcox, Vol. I. p. 198-199. I take this opportunity of
acknowledging the help I have received from this writer's careful and
interesting chapter on "Domestic Relationships and Family Law" among
the Egyptians.

[229] Maspero, _Hist._ (German tr.), p. 41; see Simcox, _op. cit._, p.
199.

[230] This tablet is in the British Museum, London. S. Egyptian
Gallery, Bay 29, No. 1027.

[231] Simcox, Vol. I. pp. 218, 219.

[232] Petah Hotep was a high official in the reign of Assa, a king of
the IVth Dynasty, about 3360 B.C. His precepts consist of aphorisms of
high moral worth; there is a late copy in the British Museum. I have
followed the translation given in the _Guide to the Egyptian
Collection_ p. 77.

[233] This passage in other translations reads: "she is a field
profitable to its owner."

[234] The Maxims of Ani are preserved in the Egyptian Museum at Cairo.
The work inculcates the highest standard of practical morality and
gives a lofty ideal of the duty of the Egyptians in all the relations
of life.

[235] From the Boulak Papyrus (1500 B.C.). I have followed in part the
translation given by Griffiths, _The World's Literature_, p. 5340, and
in part that of Maspero given in _Life in Ancient Egypt and Assyria_
(trans. by Alice Morton, p. 16).

[236] Southern Egyptian Gallery, Bay 28, No. 964. This statue belongs
to later Egyptian history. It was dedicated by Shashanq, a high
official of the Ptolemaic period.

[237] Wall case 102, Nos. 187, 38, and 430.

[238] Vestibule of North Egyptian Gallery, East doorway, No. 14.

[239] South Gallery, No. 565.

[240] No. 375. This group belongs to the XVIIIth Dynasty: the husband
was a warden of the palace and overseer of the Treasury; the wife a
priestess of the god Amen.

[241] Simcox, _Primitive Civilisation_, Vol. I. pp. 9, 271.

[242] Hommel, _Geschichte Babyloni