cultural college and the results favored the latter group with a
difference of 17.5 per cent. The two groups represented the same class
rank; that is, the same number of seniors, juniors, sophomores, and
freshmen."

A thorough investigation of the effects of cigarette smoking on boys
has been carried on in one of the San Francisco schools for many
months. This investigation was ordered because a great many of the
boys were inferior to the girls, both mentally and morally.

It was found that nearly three-fourths of the boys who smoked
cigarettes had nervous disorders, while only one of those who did not
smoke had any nervous symptoms. A great many of the cigarette smokers
had defective hearing, while only one of those who did not smoke was so
afflicted. A large percentage of the boys who smoked were defective in
memory, while only one boy who did not smoke was so affected. A large
portion of the boys who smoked were reported as low in deportment and
morals, while only a very small percentage of those who did not smoke
were similarly affected. It was found that the minds of many of the
cigarette smokers could not comprehend or grasp ideas as quickly or
firmly as those who did not smoke. Nearly all of the cigarette smokers
were found to be untidy and unclean in their personal appearance, and a
great many of them were truants; but among those who did not smoke not
a single boy had been corrected for truancy. Most of the smokers
ranked very low in their studies as compared with those who did not
smoke. Seventy-nine per cent. of them failed of promotion, while the
percentage of failure among those who did not smoke was exceedingly
small.

Of twenty boy smokers who were under careful observation for several
months, nineteen stood below the average of the class, while only two
of those who did not smoke stood below. Seventeen out of the twenty
were very poor workers and seemed absolutely incapable of close or
continuous application to any of their studies.

Professor Wilkinson, principal of a leading high school, says, "I will
not try to educate a boy with the cigarette habit. It is wasted time.
The mental faculties of the boy who smokes cigarettes are blunted."

Another high school principal says, "Boys who smoke cigarettes are
always backward in their studies; they are filthy in their personal
habits, and coarse in their manners, they are hard to manage and dull
in appearance."

It is apparent therefore that