lso very materially weakened, so that the blood is not
forced to every part of the system, and hence the tissues are not
nourished as they would be by means of fewer but stronger, more
vigorous pulsations.

The indulgence in cigarettes stunts the growth and retards physical
development. An investigation of all the students who entered Yale
University during nine years shows that the cigarette smokers were the
inferiors, both in weight and lung capacity, of the non-smokers,
although they averaged fifteen months older.

It has been said that the universal habit of smoking has made Germany
"a spectacled nation." Tobacco greatly irritates the eyes, and
injuriously affects the optic nerves. The eyes of boys who use
cigarettes to excess grow dull and weak, and every feature shows the
mark of the insidious poison. The face is pallid and haggard, the
cheeks hollow, the skin drawn, there is a loss of frankness of
expression, the eyes are shifty, the movements nervous and uncertain,
and all this is but preliminary to the ultimate degradation and loss of
self-respect which follow the victim of the cigarette habit, through
years of misery and failure.

Side by side with physical deterioration there goes on a process of
moral degeneration which robs the cigarette smoking boy of refinement,
of manners. The moral depravity which follows cigarette habit is
appalling. Lying, cheating, swearing, impurity, loss of courage and
manhood, a complete dropping of life's standards, result from such
indulgence.

Magistrate Crane, of New York City, says: "Ninety-nine out of a hundred
boys between the ages of ten and seventeen years who come before me
charged with crime have their fingers disfigured by yellow cigarette
stains--I am not a crank on this subject, I do not care to pose as a
reformer, but it is my opinion that cigarettes will do more than liquor
to ruin boys. When you have arraigned before you boys hopelessly deaf
through the excessive use of cigarettes, boys who have stolen their
sisters' earnings, boys who absolutely refuse to work, who do nothing
but gamble and steal, you can not help seeing that there is some direct
cause, and a great deal of this boyhood crime, is, in my mind, easy to
trace to the deadly cigarette. There is something in the poison of the
cigarette that seems to get into the system of the boy and to destroy
all moral fiber."

He gives the following probable course of a boy who begins to smoke
cigarett