aditional. Kinship is purely matter of fact and
history, and therefore rational. There is no "natural affection." There
is habit and familiarity, and the example and exhortations of parents
may inculcate notions of duty. Sentiments and sympathies will then be
produced out of familiarity in life, or out of use and wont. The
construction and limits of kinship in any society are products of the
folkways, or--inasmuch as the system is built up with notions of welfare
and rights and duties--of the mores. In fact, since the folkways in
regard to this matter begin at a very primitive stage of human life, run
up to the highest civilization, and are interwoven with the most tender
sympathies and ethical convictions at all stages, kinship is one of the
most important products of the folkways and mores. It is, in fact, the
most important societal concept which the primitive man thought out, and
it would be such even if we were now compelled to reject it as
erroneous.

+536. Family education.+ No doubt the folkways about kinship are
produced in connection with views about interests, and in connection
with faiths about procreation, and impressions produced by experience.
The mother and children live in constant contact and intimacy. The
family grows into an institution which takes its nature from the
traditional and habitual behavior of its members to each other in daily
life. Use and wont have here a great field for their constructive
operation. Each family (mother and children) is independent and makes
its own world, in which nearly all its interests are enfolded. There are
constantly recurring occasions for acts of a reciprocal character, and
such acts especially build up institutions. The family is also an arena
in which sympathies are cultivated, which does not mean that they are
always nourished and developed. Habits are formed and discipline is
enforced. Rules are accepted from custom and enforced by authority and
force. Rights and duties are enforced as facts long before they are
apprehended as concepts.

+537. Kinds of kinship.+ The sib, or large family, including all those
who are known to be related at all, is a group of very varying
importance in different societies. In some societies the common bond is
strong and produces important social consequences. In other cases no
heed is paid to relationship beyond first and second cousins. Although
the Yakuts keep up the _rod_, or great family, for some purposes, we are
told t