Davis issues a Proclamation outlawing Gen. B. F. Butler.--He is
to be hung without Trial by any Confederate Officer who may
capture him.--The Battle of Fort Pillow.--The Gallant Defence by
the Little Band of Union Troops.--It refuses to capitulate and is
assaulted and captured by an Overwhelming Force.--The Union
Troops butchered in Cold Blood.--The Wounded are carried into
Houses which are fired and burned with their Helpless
Victims.--Men are nailed to the Outside of Buildings through
their Hands and Feet and burned alive.--The Wounded and Dying are
brained where they lay in their Ebbing Blood.--The Outrages are
renewed in the Morning.--Dead and Living find a Common Sepulchre
in the Trench.--General Chalmers orders the Killing of a Negro
Child.--Testimony of the Few Union Soldiers who were enabled to
crawl out of the Gilt-Edge, Fire-Proof Hell at Pillow.--They give
a Sickening Account of the Massacre before the Senate Committee
on the Conduct of the War.--Gen. Forrest's Futile Attempt to
destroy the Record of his Foul Crime.--Fort Pillow Massacre
without a Parallel in History 350

Part 8.

_THE FIRST DECADE OF FREEDOM._

CHAPTER XXI.

RECONSTRUCTION--MISCONSTRUCTION. 1865-1875.

The War over, Peace restored, and the Nation cleansed of a
Plague.--slavery gives Place to a Long Train of
Events.--Unsettled Condition of Affairs at the South.--The
Absence of Legal Civil Government necessitates the Establishment
of Provisional Military Government.--An Act establishing a Bureau
for Refugees and Abandoned Lands.--Congressional Methods for the
Reconstruction of the South.--Gen. U. S. Grant carries these
States in 1868 and 1872.--Both Branches of the Legislatures in
all the Southern States contain Negro Members.--The Errors of
Reconstruction chargeable to both Sections of the Country 377

CHAPTER XXII.

THE RESULTS OF EMANCIPATION.

The Apparent Idleness of the Negro Sporadic rather than
Generic.--He quietly settles down to Work.--The Government makes
Ample Provisions for his Educational and Social Improvement.--The
Marvellous Progress made by the People of the South in
Education.--Earliest School for Freedmen at Fortress Monroe in
1861.--The Richmond Institute for Colored Youth.--The Unlimited
Desire of th