d gain a
sufficient livelihood and maintenance; and him the said negro
man, named FREDERICK BAILY, otherwise called FREDERICK DOUGLASS,
I do declare to be henceforth free, manumitted, and discharged
from all manner of servitude to me, my executors, and
administrators forever.

"In witness whereof, I, the said Hugh Auld, have hereunto set my
hand and seal, the fifth of December, in the year one thousand
eight hundred and forty-six.

HUGH AULD.

"Sealed and delivered in presence of T. Hanson Belt.
"JAMES N. S. T. WRIGHT."

Mr. Douglass had returned to America, but the truths he proclaimed in
England, Ireland, and Scotland echoed adown their mountains, and
reverberated among their hills. The Church of Scotland and the press
of England were distressed with the problem of slavery. The public
conscience had been touched, and there was "no rest for the wicked."
Mr. Douglass had received his name--Douglass--from Nathan Johnson, of
New Bedford, Massachusetts, because he had just been reading about the
virtuous Douglass in the works of Sir Walter Scott. How wonderful
then, in the light of a few years, that a fugitive slave from America,
bearing one of the most powerful names in Scotland should lean against
the pillars of the _Free Church of Scotland_, and meet and vanquish
its brightest and ablest teachers (the friends of slavery,
unfortunately), Doctors Cunningham and Candlish!

It will be remembered that Mr. Garrison had built his school upon the
fundamental idea that slavery was constitutional; and that in order to
secure the overthrow of the institution he was compelled to do his
work outside of the Constitution; and to effect the good desired, the
Union should be dissolved. With these views Mr. Douglass had coincided
at first, and into the ranks of this party he had entered. But upon
his return from England he changed his residence and views about the
same time, and established his home and a newspaper in Rochester, New
York State. Mr. Douglass gave his reasons for leaving the Garrisonian
party as follows:

"About four years ago, upon a reconsideration of the whole
subject, I became convinced that there was no necessity for
dissolving the 'union between the northern and southern states';
that to seek this dissolution was no part of my duty as an
abolitionist; that to abstain from voting, was to refu