nd
solvency. They will not be broken, nor through their unsoundness and
insolvency will the "heavens roll away as a scroll," nor "the universe
shrivel up as a cast-off snake-skin."

In the growing recognition of law has been the progress of science. From
the casting aside of human notions of chance and whim the "warfare of
science" has had its rise. For every event carried over into the realm
of law some man has given his life. As the Panama railroad is said to
have cost the life of a man for every cross-tie, so has every step in
the progress of science. And such men!

Many a time in the growth of humanity has it been necessary that the
wisest, clearest, most humane, should die on the stake or the gibbet or
the cross, that men should come to realize the power of an idea; that
they should know the value of truth.

_Evolution as a Theory of Organic Development, or Darwinism._ In a
different sense the word evolution is applied to the theory of the
origin of organs and of species by divergence and development. This
theory teaches that all forms of life now existing or that have existed
on the earth have sprung from a common stock, which has undergone change
in a multitude of ways and under varied conditions, the forces and
influences producing such change being known as the "factors of organic
evolution." All characters and attributes of species and groups have
developed with changing conditions of life. The homologies among animals
are the result of common descent. The differences are due to various
influences, chief among these being competition in the struggle for
existence between individuals and between species, whereby those best
adapted to their surroundings lived and reproduced their kind.

This theory is now the central axis of all biological investigation in
all its branches, from ethics to histology, from anthropology to
bacteriology. In the light of this theory every peculiarity of
structure, every character or quality of individual or species, has a
meaning and a cause. It is the work of the investigator to find this
meaning as well as to record the fact. "One of the noblest lessons left
to the world" by Darwin is this, Mr. Frank Cramer tells us,--"this,
which to him amounted to a profound, almost religious, conviction, that
every fact in nature, no matter how insignificant, every stripe of
color, every tint of flowers, the length of an orchid's nectary, unusual
height in a plant, all the infinite variety o