Conrad.

Wool-spinning is introduced into England by the Flemings at Worstead;
hence the name "worsted."

1133. Lothair conducts Innocent to Rome and is there crowned emperor by
him.

1134. Aragon and Navarre choose separate sovereigns, who are protected
by Alfonso the Noble, King of Castile.

1135. Death of Henry I of England; Stephen usurps the throne. See
"STEPHEN USURPS THE ENGLISH CROWN," v, 317.

A copy of Justinian's _Pandects_ said to have been discovered at Amalfi.

The house of Hohenstaufen forced into submission by Lothair.

1136. Lothair marches into Italy with a large army; the cities make
submission.

Matilda resists Stephen's usurpation of the English crown, and invades
Normandy.

1137. Death of Louis VI; his son, Louis VII, succeeds to the French
crown.

1138. David I of Scotland defeated at the Battle of the Standard. See
"STEPHEN USURPS THE ENGLISH CROWN," v, 317.

Conrad, Duke of Franconia, elected emperor of Germany; he founds the
Hohenstaufen dynasty. From his castle of Wiblingen his party takes the
name of Ghibellines; his opponent, Henry Guelf, is put under the ban of
the empire, hence the papal party were called Guelfs.

1139. Pope Innocent II taken prisoner by Roger; a treaty of peace
confirms Roger's title. Arnold of Brescia is banished Italy. See
"ANTI-PAPAL DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT," v, 340.

Robert, Earl of Gloucester, a natural son of Henry I, promises
assistance to Matilda in her war against King Stephen of England. See
"STEPHEN USURPS THE ENGLISH CROWN," v, 317.

1140. Conrad III defeats the forces of Guelf VI, uncle of Henry the
Lion, while attempting to gain possession of Bavaria.

1141. Battle of Lincoln; King Stephen defeated and carried prisoner to
Bristol. See "STEPHEN USURPS THE ENGLISH CROWN," v, 317.

1142. Henry the Lion is invested with the duchy of Saxony by Conrad III.
His rival, Albert the Bear, created margrave of Brandenburg.

1143. Geisa, King of Hungary, invites German emigrants to join the
colony of that people in Transylvania.

1144. Edessa, Turkey, stormed and captured by Zenghi, Sultan of Aleppo.

1145. Arnold of Brescia initiates the antipapal democratic movement. See
"ANTIPAPAL DEMOCRATIC MOVEMENT," v, 340.

Disruption of the Almoravide kingdom in Spain.

1146. Prince Henry inherits Anjou and Maine; Normandy submits to him.

St. Bernard, at the instance of Pope Eugenius, preaches a crusade for
the protection of the Holy Land against Noureddi