nes kai hoi te neso homonymoi Brittones. Tosaute de he tonde ton
ethnon polyanthropia phainetai ousa hoste ana pan etos kata pollous
enthende metanistamenoi xyn gynaixi kai paisin es Phrangous
chorousin.}"--Procop. B. G. iv. 20.

Reasons which have induced me to go farther than any previous writer in
respect to the importance of the Frisian element in the Anglo-Saxon
invasion, and to believe that instead of _Saxon_ being a native German
name for any portion of the Germanic population, it was only a Celtic
and Roman term for the Germans of the sea-coast, and (amongst these) for
the Frisians most especially, are given, at large, in my ethnological
edition of the "Germania of Tacitus."

[6] {Sophotatoi d' exetazontai ton Iberon houtoi, kai grammatike
chrontai; kai tes palaias mnemes echousi ta syngrammata, kai poiemata
kai nomous emmetrous hexakischilion eton, hos phasi.}

[7] This was probably the case with the Callaici.

[8] The famous Knighthood of Malta--_without fear_, but (though,
perhaps, the best of its class) not _without reproach_, has no place
here. Its ethnology belongs to the different countries which it
dignified by its valour, or dishonoured by its profligacy.

[9] This I believe to have been the case with the ancient Greeks also;
though the proof would require an elaborate monograph.

[10] The two together have led to a doctrine which has been best
developed by Fallmerayer. It is this--_that the modern Greeks are
Sclavonians_. The Russian school are the chief believers of this. In the
few countries where ethnology is scientific rather than political, the
more moderate opinion of the modern Greeks being a mixed stock prevails.

[11] Or _beck_.

CHAPTER II.

DEPENDENCIES IN AFRICA.

THE GAMBIA SETTLEMENTS.--SIERRA LEONE.--THE GOLD COAST.--THE
CAPE.--THE MAURITIUS.--THE NEGROES OF AMERICA.

_The Gambia._--All our settlements on the Gambia are in the Mandingo
country.

Of all the true and unequivocal Negroes, the Mandingos are the most
civilized; the basis of their civilization being Arab, and their
religion that of the Koran. Hence, they have priests, or Marabouts, the
use of the Arabic alphabet, and a monotheistic creed.

Of all the Negroes, too, the Mandingos are the most commercial, not as
mere slave-dealers, but as truly industrial merchants.

Of all the families of the African stock, with the exception of the
Kaffres, the Mandingo is the most widely spread. It also falls i