36

V. THE FUTURE 38

IV.--PASSIVE RESISTANCE

I. THE NEW PERIL 43

II. PASSIVE RESISTANCE AS REBELLION 45

III. THE RIGHT OF REBELLION 47

IV. REBELLION AGAINST A DEMOCRACY 50

V. THE DUTY OF THE STATE 55

V.--CHRISTIANITY AND WAR

I. A CONFLICT OF CONVICTIONS 58

II. THE RELIGION OF THE BIBLE 61

III. THE DOCTRINE AND PRACTICE OF THE CHURCH 63

IV. FORCE AS A MORAL INSTRUMENT 66

V. THE IDEAL OF THE SERMON ON THE MOUNT 69

VI. THE PACIFICIST SUCCESSION 74

VII. CONCLUSION 78

VI.--THE STATE AND ITS RIVALS

I. THE IDEA OF THE STATE IN ENGLAND 81

II. THE RIVALS OF THE STATE 87

III. WHAT THE STATE IS AND DOES 95

IV. THE SPHERE OF NATIONAL SERVICE 98

PREFACE

The first three essays in this little book appeared originally as
special articles in the _Morning Post_. I am greatly indebted to the
Editor of that paper for his courteous and ready permission to reprint
them. The "Freedom" dealt with in these essays is political freedom, and
the "Service" advocated is universal military service. These limitations
are due to the fact that the original newspaper articles were
contributions to the controversy respecting methods of enlistment which
took place during the autumn of 1915.

The remaining three essays appear now for the first time. They have a
more general scope, although they are vitally connected with the theme
of their predecessors. The essay on Passive Resistance has special
reference to the opposition offered by the No-Conscription Fellowship to
the principle of compulsory military service; but its argument applies
equally well to the older antagonists of the authority of the State.
The essay on Christianity and War tries to meet those conscientious
objections to military service which form the basis of the propaganda of
the Fellowship of Reconciliation; but it deals