y be
offered to the life or property, the wives and children, the religion
and temples, of the Christians: that Theodemir shall freely deliver
his seven [1851] cities, Orihuela, Valentola, Alicanti Mola, Vacasora,
Bigerra, (now Bejar,) Ora, (or Opta,) and Lorca: that he shall not
assist or entertain the enemies of the caliph, but shall faithfully
communicate his knowledge of their hostile designs: that himself, and
each of the Gothic nobles, shall annually pay one piece of gold, four
measures of wheat, as many of barley, with a certain proportion of
honey, oil, and vinegar; and that each of their vassals shall be taxed
at one moiety of the said imposition. Given the fourth of Regeb, in the
year of the Hegira ninety-four, and subscribed with the names of four
Mussulman witnesses." [186] Theodemir and his subjects were treated with
uncommon lenity; but the rate of tribute appears to have fluctuated
from a tenth to a fifth, according to the submission or obstinacy of
the Christians. [187] In this revolution, many partial calamities were
inflicted by the carnal or religious passions of the enthusiasts: some
churches were profaned by the new worship: some relics or images were
confounded with idols: the rebels were put to the sword; and one
town (an obscure place between Cordova and Seville) was razed to its
foundations. Yet if we compare the invasion of Spain by the Goths, or
its recovery by the kings of Castile and Arragon, we must applaud the
moderation and discipline of the Arabian conquerors.

[Footnote 183: The honorable relics of the Cantabrian war (Dion Cassius,
l. liii p. 720) were planted in this metropolis of Lusitania, perhaps of
Spain, (submittit cui tota suos Hispania fasces.) Nonius (Hispania, c.
31, p. 106-110) enumerates the ancient structures, but concludes with
a sigh: Urbs haec olim nobilissima ad magnam incolarum infrequentiam
delapsa est, et praeter priscae claritatis ruinas nihil ostendit.]

[Footnote 184: Both the interpreters of Novairi, De Guignes (Hist. des
Huns, tom. i. p. 349) and Cardonne, (Hist. de l'Afrique et de l'Espagne,
tom. i. p. 93, 94, 104, 135,) lead Musa into the Narbonnese Gaul. But I
find no mention of this enterprise, either in Roderic of Toledo, or the
Mss. of the Escurial, and the invasion of the Saracens is postponed by
a French chronicle till the ixth year after the conquest of Spain, A.D.
721, (Pagi, Critica, tom. iii. p. 177, 195. Historians of France, tom.
iii.) I much ques