st it was to slacken his march and enervate his resolutions;
and from this day everything tended to a retreat.

The Duke of Brunswick only sought a pretext for opening negotiations
with the French at head-quarters. So long as he was behind the Argonne,
within ten leagues of Grandpre, this pretext did not offer itself, for
the King of Prussia would look on these advances as a proof of treason
or cowardice. The combat of Valmy, in the idea of the Duke of Brunswick,
was but a negotiation carried on by the mouth of the cannon. Dumouriez
held the fate of the French Revolution in his hands, and he could not
believe that this general would become the mere tool of anarchical
democracy. "He will cast the weight of his sword," said he, "to weigh
down the scale in favor of a constitutional monarchy; he will turn upon
the jailers of the King and the murderers of September. Guardian of the
frontiers, he has only to threaten to open them to the coalition, to
insure obedience from the National Assembly. An arrangement between
monarchical France and Prussia, under the auspices of Dumouriez, is a
thousand times preferable to a war in which Prussia stakes her army
against the despair of a nation."

FOOTNOTES:

[36] The royalists who left Paris or France in 1789 and after, on
account of the Revolution.--ED.

[37] The National Convention, which succeeded the Legislative Assembly,
actually opened September 21st.--ED.

[38] This was Louis Philippe, afterward known as "the Citizen-King." He
was the son of Philippe Egalite, Duc d'Orleans, and was at this time
about twenty years old.--ED.

[39] Kellermann was created Duc de Valmy by Napoleon.--ED.

INVENTION OF THE COTTON-GIN

GROWTH OF THE COTTON INDUSTRY IN AMERICA

A.D. 1793

CHARLES W. DABNEY R. B. HANDY DENISON OLMSTED

Lord Macaulay declared that "what Peter the Great did to
make Russia dominant, Eli Whitney's invention of the
cotton-gin has more than equalled in its relation to the
power and progress of the United States." When Macaulay
delivered this opinion, "King Cotton" was more absolute in
the United States than to-day, for the cultivation of cotton
has since been supplemented in this country by other
industries of equal importance. Yet, what cotton had done
for the United States in Macaulay's day has been far
surpassed by its record since, as one of the great
industrial and commercial interests of