FREE BOOKS

Author's List




PREV.   NEXT  
|<   7   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   25   26   >>  
rship! you will say, and so many others have said. Not at all. It is a simple result of verbal ambiguity. The word for rabbit in Algonkin is almost identical with that for _light_, and when these savages applied this word to their divinity, they agreed with him who said, "God is Light, and in Him is no darkness at all." These languages offer also an entertaining field to the psychologist. On account of their transparency, as I may call it, the clearness with which they retain the primitive forms of their radicals, they allow us to trace out the growth of words, and thus reveal the operations of the native mind by a series of witnesses whose testimony cannot be questioned. Often curious associations of ideas are thus disclosed, very instructive to the student of mankind. Many illustrations of this could be given, but I do not wish to assail your ears by a host of unknown sounds, so I will content myself with one, and that taken from the language of the Len[=a]pe, or Delaware Indians, who, as you know, lived where we now are. I will endeavor to trace out one single radical in that language, and show you how many, and how strangely diverse ideas were built up upon it. The radical which I select is the personal pronoun of the first person, _I_, Latin _Ego_. In Delaware this is a single syllable, a slight nasal, _N[)e]_, or _Ni_. Let me premise by informing you that this is both a personal and a possessive pronoun; it means both _I_ and _mine_. It is also both singular and plural, both _I_ and _we_, _mine_ and _our_. The changes of the application of this root are made by adding suffixes to it. I begin with _ni'hillan_, literally, "mine, it is so," or "she, it, is truly mine," the accent being on the first syllable, _ni'_, mine. But the common meaning of this verb in Delaware is more significant of ownership than this tame expression. It is an active animate verb, and means "I beat, or strike, somebody." To the rude minds of the framers of that tongue, ownership meant the right to beat what one owned. We might hope this sense was confined to the lower animals; but not so. Change the accent from the first to the second syllable, _ni'hillan_, to _nihil'lan_, and you have the animate active verb with an intensive force, which signifies "to beat to death," "to kill some person;" and from this, by another suffix, you have _nihil'lowen_, to murder, and _nihil'lowet_, murderer. The bad sense of the root is here pus
PREV.   NEXT  
|<   7   8   9   10   11   12   13   14   15   16   17   18   19   20   21   22   23   24   25   26   >>  



Top keywords:

Delaware

 

syllable

 

active

 

accent

 

hillan

 

ownership

 

animate

 

language

 

radical

 
person

single
 

pronoun

 

personal

 
select
 

application

 

suffixes

 
adding
 

literally

 
singular
 

possessive


informing
 

premise

 

slight

 

plural

 

strike

 

intensive

 

signifies

 

Change

 

animals

 

confined


murderer

 

murder

 

suffix

 
significant
 

meaning

 

common

 

expression

 
tongue
 

framers

 
content

psychologist
 
account
 

entertaining

 

darkness

 

languages

 

transparency

 

growth

 

radicals

 
clearness
 

retain