urned and their farms laid waste.
Many of them went to the French settlements in Louisiana, and others to
other parts of America. Poor exiles! they were scattered widely over the
earth. Some of them in time came back to their loved Acadia, but the
most of them never saw it again. It was this dreadful act about which
Longfellow wrote in his poem of Evangeline.

Now I must tell you how the French and Indian War ended. The French had
two important cities in Canada, Montreal and Quebec. Quebec was built on
a high and steep hill and was surrounded by strong walls, behind which
were more than eight thousand soldiers. It was not an easy city to
capture.

A large British fleet was sent against it, and also an army of eight
thousand men, under General Wolfe. For two or three months they fired at
the city from the river below, but the French scorned them from their
steep hill-top. At length General Wolfe was told of a narrow path by
which he might climb the hill. One dark night he tried it, and by
daybreak a large body of men had reached the hill-top, and had dragged
up a number of cannon with them.

When the French saw this they were frightened. They hurried out of the
city, thinking they could drive the English over the precipice before
any more of them got up. They were mistaken in this. The English met
them boldly, and in the battle that followed they gained the victory and
Quebec fell into their hands.

General Wolfe was mortally wounded, but when he was told that the French
were in flight, he said: "God be praised! I die happy."

Montcalm, the French general, also fell wounded. When he knew that he
must die he said: "So much the better; I shall not live to see the
surrender of Quebec."

The next year Montreal was taken, and the war ended. And in the treaty
of peace France gave up all her colonies in America. England got Canada
and Spain got Louisiana. All North America now belonged to two nations,
England and Spain.

CHAPTER XI

THE CAUSES OF THE REVOLUTION

I SHOULD be glad to have some of you take a steamboat ride up the broad
Hudson River, past the city of New York, and onward in the track of the
"Half Moon," Henry Hudson's ship. If you did so, you would come in time
to the point where this ship stopped and turned back. Here, where Hudson
and his Dutch sailors saw only a great spread of forest trees,
stretching far back from the river bank, our modern travelers would see
the large and handsome city of