523 m: 19
under 914 m: 4 (2007)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 27
over 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 7
under 914 m: 17 (2007)

Heliports:

18 (2007)

Pipelines:

gas 7,511 km; oil 3,636 km (2007)

Railways:

total: 8,697 km
standard gauge: 8,697 km 1.435-m gauge (1,920 km electrified) (2006)

Roadways:

total: 426,951 km (includes 1,987 km of expressways) (2006)

Waterways:

1,200 km (2005)

Merchant marine:

total: 612
by type: bulk carrier 101, cargo 281, chemical tanker 70,
combination ore/oil 1, container 35, liquefied gas 7, passenger 4,
passenger/cargo 51, petroleum tanker 31, refrigerated cargo 1, roll
on/roll off 28, specialized tanker 2
foreign-owned: 8 (Cyprus 2, Germany 1, Greece 1, Italy 3, UAE 1)
registered in other countries: 595 (Albania 1, Antigua and Barbuda
6, Bahamas 8, Belize 15, Cambodia 26, Comoros 8, Dominica 5, Georgia
14, Greece 1, Isle of Man 2, Italy 1, Kiribati 1, Liberia 7, Malta
176, Marshall Islands 50, Moldova 3, Netherlands 1, Netherlands
Antilles 10, Panama 94, Russia 80, Saint Kitts and Nevis 35, Saint
Vincent and the Grenadines 20, Sierra Leone 15, Slovakia 10, Tuvalu
2, UK 2, unknown 2) (2008)

Ports and terminals:

Aliaga, Diliskelesi, Izmir, Kocaeli (Izmit), Mercin Limani, Nemrut
Limani

Military
Turkey

Military branches:

Turkish Armed Forces (TSK): Turkish Land Forces (Turk Kara
Kuvvetleri, TKK), Turkish Naval Forces (Turk Deniz Kuvvetleri, TDK;
includes naval air and naval infantry), Turkish Air Force (Turk Hava
Kuvvetleri, THK) (2008)

Military service age and obligation:

20 years of age (2004)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16-49: 20,213,205
females age 16-49: 19,432,688 (2008 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16-49: 17,011,635
females age 16-49: 16,433,364 (2008 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 660,452
female: 638,527 (2008 est.)

Military expenditures:

5.3% of GDP (2005 est.)

Military - note:

a "National Security Policy Document" adopted in October 2005
increases the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK) role in internal security,
augmenting the General Directorate of Security and Gendarmerie
General Command (Jandarma); the TSK leadership continues to play a
key role in politics and considers itself guardian of Turkey's
secular state; in April 2007, it warned the ruling party about any
pr