n flogged, men receiving fifty,
women twenty-five, and children ten lashes each. Some women, more
determined and outspoken than the rest, were punished with a hundred
lashes. Like troubles, it is said, have occurred at Pratulin and other
localities, with loss of life.... Last summer, the peasants of divers
villages, in the Government of Lublin, were constantly obliged to submit
to examination, and to appear before the courts. It was, in consequence,
impossible for them to cultivate their fields; and, hence, they have been
reduced almost to a state of famine. (Signed.) MARSHALL JEWELL."

THE EAST--CHURCH IN THE TURKISH EMPIRE.

It is comparatively an easy undertaking to create trouble and disturbance
in the church. It is not so easy, however, to establish a schism. The
Prussian chancellor learned this fact when he beheld the failure of his
_alt-Catholic_ scheme in Germany. Having tried the same game in Turkey,
his projects, notwithstanding the aid and countenance of the Mussulman
Power, proved abortive. The government of the sublime Porte had been very
tolerant hitherto, as regarded its Catholic subjects. In the early days of
Pius IX. it had concurred with the Holy See in establishing a Catholic
bishop at Jerusalem; it protected pilgrimages and processions; it favored
colleges and institutions for ecclesiastical education; and to such a
degree that, under its auspices and through its care, there are several
flourishing seminaries which renew the intellectual life of the people who
follow the Latin rite. A united Bulgarian church has been founded and is
daily gaining strength. The Maronites are almost completely restored after
the disaster of 1860. The number of Greek Catholics or Melchites, has been
almost doubled, so great is the number of conversions. The same may be
said of the Chaldean or Armenian Catholics. These last are probably the
best informed and the most influential of the Christian populations under
the Sultan's rule. Prussian intrigue, and a momentary renewal of Mussulman
fanaticism, have done much to check, if not wholly to destroy this happy
state of things. One Kupelian, aspiring to be patriarch of Armenia, was
put forward by rich and influential parties as the administrator of their
nation, and they succeeded in obtaining from the Porte his investiture, as
the only true Head of the Armenian Catholics. The legitimate chief,
Hassoum, Patriarch of Cilicia, protested. In vain, however, as France was
no long